annotate docs/introduction.rst @ 663:8647eb175bb9

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author Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
date Fri, 03 Jun 2022 00:28:54 +0200
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1 .. -*- coding: utf-8; indent-tabs-mode: nil; -*-
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2
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3 .. _introduction:
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4
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5 Introduction
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6 ============
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7
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8 .. contents::
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9 :local:
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10
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11 The configurations can be read from different types of files:
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13 - :ref:`YAML files <yaml-files>`
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14 - :ref:`JSON files <json-files>`
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15 - :ref:`INI files <ini-files>`
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16 - :ref:`TOML files <toml-files>`
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17 - :ref:`executable Python scripts <executable-python-scripts>`
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20 .. _yaml-files:
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21
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22 YAML Files
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23 ----------
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25 Need the :mod:`yaml` package (https://github.com/yaml/pyyaml)
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26 (e.g. ``pip install pyyaml``)
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28 .. note:: All strings are returned as Unicode text strings.
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30 .. note:: The root object must be a *mapping* and therefore decode
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31 into a Python :class:`dict` alike. This is checked by the
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32 implementation.
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33
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34 An example is:
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35
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36 .. literalinclude:: ../tests/data/conf10.yml
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37 :language: yaml
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40 .. _json-files:
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41
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42 JSON files
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43 ----------
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45 Read the JSON file with the help of Python's native :mod:`json` package.
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46
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47 .. note:: All strings are returned as Unicode text strings.
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49 .. note:: The root object must be an *object* and therefore decode
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50 into a Python :class:`dict` alike. This is checked by the
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51 implementation.
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52
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53 An example is:
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54
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55 .. literalinclude:: ../tests/data/conf10.json
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56 :language: js
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58 For comments in JSON files see section :ref:`comments`.
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61 .. _ini-files:
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62
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63 INI Files
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64 ---------
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65
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66 Read the file and all sections named in parameter `extract` are flattened
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67 into the resulting dictionary. By default the section named ``config`` is
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68 used as root section.
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69
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70 Normally all values are returned as Unicode text strings.
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71 But values can be annotated and therefore interpreted as other types:
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72
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73 ``:int:``
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74 The value is handled in the same way as a Python :class:`int`
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75 literal
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76
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77 ``:float:``
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78 The value is interpreted as :class:`float`
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79
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80 ``:bool:``
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81 The resulting value is a :class:`bool` where
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82
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83 ``1``, ``true``, ``yes``, ``on``
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84 yield a Python ``True``
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85
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86 ``0``, ``false``, ``no``, ``off``
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87 yield a Python ``False``
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88
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89 The evaluation is done *case-insensitively*.
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90
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91 .. note:: All strings are returned as Unicode text strings.
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92
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93 .. note:: Contrary to the behaviour of the standard Python :mod:`configparser`
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94 module the INI file reader is *case-sensitive*.
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95
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96 The example INI style configuration below yields an equivalent
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97 configuration to the YAML configuration above:
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99 .. literalinclude:: ../tests/data/conf10.ini
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100 :language: ini
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101
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102 As can be seen in this example -- INI file internal value interpolation
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103 is done as in Python's standard :mod:`configparser` module.
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104
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105 This example also illustrates how INI sections are used to build a
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106 tree-ish configuration dictionary.
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107
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108
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109 .. _toml-files:
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110
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111 TOML Files
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112 ----------
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114 Read the TOML file with the help of the pure Python :mod:`toml`
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115 package (https://github.com/uiri/toml) (e.g. ``pip install toml``).
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116
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117 All TOML features map seamingless to "ConfigMix".
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118
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119 The example TOML style configuration below yields an equivalent
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120 configuration to the YAML configuration above:
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121
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123 .. literalinclude:: ../tests/data/conf10.toml
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124 :language: ini
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125
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127 .. _executable-python-scripts:
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128
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129 Executable Python Scripts
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130 -------------------------
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131
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132 What will be exported:
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133
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134 1. If loading is done with the `extract` parameter only the given keys are
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135 extracted from the script.
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136
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137 2. Otherwise it is checked if the scripts defines an ``__all__``
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138 sequence. If there is one it's contents are the keys to be
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139 extracted.
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140
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141 3. If there is no ``__all__`` object all names not starting with an
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142 underscore ``_`` are found.
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143
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144 This is analogous to as Python modules behave when importing them with
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145 ``from module import *``.
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146
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147 .. note:: The Python configuration files are evaluated with ``exec`` and not
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148 imported.
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149
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150 The example configuration by Python script below yields an equivalent
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151 configuration to the YAML configuration above:
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152
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153 .. literalinclude:: ../tests/data/conf10.py
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154 :language: python
114
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155
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156
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157 .. _loading-and-merging:
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158
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159 Loading and Merging
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160 -------------------
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161
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162 Basic usage of the API is as follows in this example::
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163
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164 import configmix
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165
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166 #
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167 # Note: With conf10 merging is rather pointless because the tree
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168 # files # are really the same configuration. But is doesn't harm
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169 # also here.
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170 #
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171 config = configmix.load("conf10.yml", "conf10.ini", "conf10.py")
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172
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173 # Get a -- possibly interpolated -- configuration variable's value
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174 value1 = config.getvar_s("key1")
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175
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176 # Get a -- possibly interpolated -- variable from within the tree
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177 value2 = config.getvar_s("tree1.tree2.key4")
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178
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179
139
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180 By default filenames of the configuration files must have the extensions
193
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181 (case-sensitivety depends on your OS):
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182
142
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183 ``.ini``
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184 for INI configuration files
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185
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186 ``.json``
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187 for JSON configuration files
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188
114
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189 ``.py``
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190 for Python configuration files
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191
195
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192 ``.toml``
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193 for TOML configuration file
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194
114
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195 ``.yml`` or ``.yaml``
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196 for YAML configuration files
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197
115
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198
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199 .. _getting-values:
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200
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201 Getting configuration variables
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202 -------------------------------
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203
315
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204 Get a -- possibly interpolated -- configuration variable's value with ::
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205
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206 value1 = config.getvar_s("key1")
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207 value2 = config.getvar_s("key1.subkey2")
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208
315
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209 or equivalently with ::
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210
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211 value1 = config.getvarl_s("key1")
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212 value2 = config.getvarl_s("key1", "subkey2")
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213
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214 Get a raw configuration variable's value with ::
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215
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216 value1_raw = config.getvar("key1")
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217 value2_raw = config.getvarl("key1.subkey2")
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218
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219 or equivalently with ::
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220
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221 value1_raw = config.getvarl("key1")
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222 value2_raw = config.getvarl("key1", "subkey2")
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223
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224 Because the configuration is not only a plain list of but a tree of
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225 key-value pairs you will want to fetch a nested configuration value
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226 using two access basic methods:
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227
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228 :py:meth:`.Configuration.getvar` and :py:meth:`.Configuration.getvar_s`
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229
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230 Use a single key variable where the invidual level keys are joined
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231 using a dot (``.``)
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232
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233 :py:meth:`.Configuration.getvarl` and :py:meth:`.Configuration.getvarl_s`
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234
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235 Use just positional Python arguments for each level key
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236
375
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237 Also there exist variants of the basic access methods that coerce
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238 returned variables into :py:class:`int` or :py:class:`bool` types
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239 (:py:meth:`.Configuration.getintvar_s`,
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240 :py:meth:`.Configuration.getboolvar_s`)
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241
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242 And with :py:meth:`.Configuration.getfirstvar`,
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243 :py:meth:`.Configuration.getfirstvar_s`,
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244 :py:meth:`.Configuration.getfirstintvar_s`,
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245 :py:meth:`.Configuration.getfirstboolvar_s` and
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246 :py:meth:`.Configuration.getfirstfloatvar_s` there exist variants that
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247 accept a *list* of possible variables names and return the first one
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248 that is found.
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249
387
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250 And again --- with :py:meth:`.Configuration.getfirstvarl`,
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251 :py:meth:`.Configuration.getfirstvarl_s`,
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252 :py:meth:`.Configuration.getfirstintvarl_s`,
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253 :py:meth:`.Configuration.getfirstboolvarl_s` and
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254 :py:meth:`.Configuration.getfirstfloatvarl_s` there exist variants
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255 that accept a *list* of lists or tuples or dicts that describe
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256 possible variables names and return the first one that is found.
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257
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258 For example -- these methods for retrieving the first found variables
389
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259 can be used and are equivalent (Note that a caller that wants to use
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260 variables from a non-default namespace must use a sequence of dicts
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261 here)::
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262
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263 value1 = config.getfirstvar_s("key1.subkey2", "key3.subkey4", default=None, namespace=None)
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264 value2 = config.getfirstvarl_s(*[["key1", "subkey2"], ["key3", "subkey4"]], default=None)
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265 value3 = config.getfirstvarl_s(*(("key1", "subkey2"), ("key3", "subkey4")), default=None)
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266 value4 = config.getfirstvarl_s(*[{"namespace": None, "path": ["key1", "subkey2"]}, {"namespace": None, "path": ("key3", "subkey4")}], default=None)
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267
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268 Looking at the example in chapter :ref:`yaml-files` -- when calling
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269 ``config.getvar_s("tree1.tree2.key4")`` you will get the value
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270 ``get this as `tree1.tree2.key4'``.
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271
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272 Alternatively ``config.getvarl_s("tree1", "tree2", "key4")`` can be called
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273 with the very same result.
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274
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275 All four methods also perform direct :ref:`variable-interpolation` and
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276 handle :ref:`variable-namespaces` -- yet in different ways.
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277 Filtering is not supported.
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278 So -- the variable name arguments of :py:meth:`.Configuration.getvar`
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279 and :py:meth:`.Configuration.getvar_s` are of the form
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280 ``[namespace:]variable`` where for :py:meth:`.Configuration.getvarl`
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281 and :py:meth:`.Configuration.getvarl_s` the namespace is given as
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282 optional keyword parameter `namespace`.
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283
333
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284 .. note:: Special characters within namespace, key and filter names
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285 *must* be quoted (see :ref:`quoting`) when using
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286 :py:meth:`~.Configuration.getvar` or
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287 :py:meth:`~.Configuration.getvar_s` to retrieve variables.
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288
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289 With :py:meth:`~.Configuration.getvarl` or
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290 :py:meth:`~.Configuration.getvarl_s` quoting is neither needed
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291 and not supported.
117
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292
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293
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294 Direct Access to List Items
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295 ---------------------------
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296
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297 Direct access to list items is possible:
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298
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299 - Directly use the integer list index in :py:meth:`~.Configuration.getvarl`
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300 and its friends.
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301 - Encode the index number to string format using the ``~INDEX~`` syntax and
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302 use :py:meth:`~.Configuration.getvar` and its friends.
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303
659
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304 This syntax is also supported for variable interpolations.
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305
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306 Negative indexes are supported with Python semantics.
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307
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308 Examples:
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309
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310 - ``config.getvarl_s("mylist", 0)`` or ``config.getvar_s("mylist.~0~)"``
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311 - ``config.getvarl_s("mylist", -1)`` or ``config.getvar_s("mylist.~-1~")``
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312
662
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313 This also works when using `Jailed Configurations`_.
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314
663
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315 Use `Quoting`_ for the ``~`` character (``%x7e``) when the ``~INDEX~``
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316 syntax should not be interpreted as list index but as key string.
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317
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318
276
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319 .. _merging-deletions:
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320
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321 Deletions
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322 ---------
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323
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324 By using the special value ``{{::DEL::}}`` the corresponding key-value
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325 pair is deleted when merging is done.
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326
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327
145
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328 .. _comments:
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329
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330 Comments
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331 --------
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332
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333 By default all keys beginning with ``__comment`` or ``__doc`` are
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334 filtered out and not given to the application. This allows comments in
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335 JSON files -- but is not restricted to JSON files only.
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336
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337 For all types of configuration files their respective standard comments
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338 are allowed too.
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339
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340
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341 .. _variable-namespaces:
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342
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343 Variable Namespaces
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344 -------------------
115
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345
316
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346 Currently there are 6 namespaces:
115
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347
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348 1. The unnamed namespace (which is also default).
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349
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350 All the configuration variables are part of this namespace.
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351
333
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352 .. seealso:: :ref:`quoting`
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353
316
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354 2. The namespace ``ref`` to be used for configuration references.
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355
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356 This is a namespace that is handled special within "ConfigMix".
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357
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358 Must be Filters are **not** supported.
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359
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360 3. The namespace ``OS``
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361
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362 Available functions:
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363
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364 ``cwd``
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365 Contains the current working directory of the process
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366
243
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367 ``node``
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368 Contains the current node's computername (or whatever
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369 :py:func:`platform.node` returns)
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370
316
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371 4. The namespace ``ENV``
115
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372
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373 This namespace contains all the environment variables as they are
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374 available from :py:data:`os.environ`.
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375
316
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376 5. The namespace ``PY``
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377
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378 Contains selected values from the running Python:
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379
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380 ``version``
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381 The return value of :py:func:`platform.python_version`
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382
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383 ``version_maj_min``
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384 Just the major and minor version of the running Python
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385 (``.`` separated)
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386
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387 ``version_maj``
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388 Just the major version of the running Python
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389
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390 ``implementation``
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391 The return value of :py:func:`platform.python_implementation`
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392
316
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393 6. The namespace ``AWS``
282
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394
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395 Contains some metadata for AWS instances when running from within
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396 AWS:
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397
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398 ``metadata.instance-id``
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399
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400 ``metadata.placement.region``
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401
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402 ``metadata.placement.availability-zone``
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403
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404 ``dynamic.instance-identity.region``
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405 and all other properties of the instance-identity document
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406 (e.g. ``instanceId``, ``instanceType``, ``imageId``, ``pendingTime``,
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407 ``architecture``, ``availabilityZone``, ``privateIp``, ``version``
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408 et al.).
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409
115
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410
117
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411 Examples
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412 ~~~~~~~~
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413
315
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414 Both ::
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415
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416 config.getvar("OS:cwd")
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417
315
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418 or ::
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419
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420 config.getvarl("cwd", namespace="OS")
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421
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422 yield the current working directory -- just as :py:func:`os.getcwd` does.
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423
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diff changeset
424
202
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425 .. _variable-interpolation:
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426
202
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427 Variable Interpolation
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428 ----------------------
117
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429
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430 Configuration variable values that are read with
315
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431 :py:meth:`.Configuration.getvar_s` or :py:meth:`.Configuration.getvarl_s`
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432 are subject to variable interpolation.
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433 The general syntactic pattern for this is::
117
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434
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diff changeset
435 {{[namespace:]variable[|filter[|filter...]]}}
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436
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diff changeset
437 I.e.: between double curly braces an optional `namespace` name followed by
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diff changeset
438 a colon ``:``, the `variable` and then zero or more filters, each one
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diff changeset
439 introduced by a pipe symbol ``|``.
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diff changeset
440
202
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diff changeset
441 Variables are expanded *lately* at runtime -- exactly when calling
158
ab6a48ff5235 FIX: Docu: Configuration.getvar() does **not** apply variable substitutions
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442 :py:meth:`.Configuration.getvar_s`,
315
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443 :py:meth:`.Configuration.getvarl_s`,
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444 :py:meth:`.Configuration.substitute_variables_in_obj` or
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445 :py:meth:`.Configuration.expand_variable`
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diff changeset
446
333
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447 .. note:: Special characters within namespace, key and filter names
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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448 *must* be quoted (see :ref:`quoting`) when using variable
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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449 interpolation syntax.
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450
117
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451
115
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452 Filter functions
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diff changeset
453 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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diff changeset
454
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455 Interpolated values can be processed through a series of filter functions::
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456
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457 {{my.variable|filter1|filter2}}
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458
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diff changeset
459 Available filter functions are:
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diff changeset
460
a5339d39af5c Begin the documentation of variables and its expansion
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diff changeset
461 ``urlquote``
a5339d39af5c Begin the documentation of variables and its expansion
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diff changeset
462
347
d7daec119383 New filter function "urlquote_plus" which quotes a space into a '+' character
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diff changeset
463 ``urlquote_plus``
d7daec119383 New filter function "urlquote_plus" which quotes a space into a '+' character
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diff changeset
464
115
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diff changeset
465 ``saslprep``
a5339d39af5c Begin the documentation of variables and its expansion
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diff changeset
466
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diff changeset
467 ``normpath``
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diff changeset
468
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diff changeset
469 ``abspath``
a5339d39af5c Begin the documentation of variables and its expansion
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diff changeset
470
a5339d39af5c Begin the documentation of variables and its expansion
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diff changeset
471 ``posixpath``
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diff changeset
472
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diff changeset
473 ``lower``
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diff changeset
474
a5339d39af5c Begin the documentation of variables and its expansion
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diff changeset
475 ``upper``
a5339d39af5c Begin the documentation of variables and its expansion
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diff changeset
476
353
a7491f835cb0 Changelog and minimal docu for `None` and `Empty` filters
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diff changeset
477 Also available are special filter functions ``None`` and ``Empty``.
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diff changeset
478 They are useful in variable interpolation context because they
354
bd28fb4565e1 FIX: Tagging of the KeyError: :py:exception: -> :py:exc:
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diff changeset
479 suppress possible lookup errors (aka :py:exc:`KeyError`) and instead
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diff changeset
480 return with :py:obj:`None` or an empty string.
353
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diff changeset
481
115
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diff changeset
482
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diff changeset
483 Examples
a5339d39af5c Begin the documentation of variables and its expansion
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diff changeset
484 ~~~~~~~~
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diff changeset
485
a5339d39af5c Begin the documentation of variables and its expansion
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diff changeset
486 ::
a5339d39af5c Begin the documentation of variables and its expansion
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diff changeset
487
a5339d39af5c Begin the documentation of variables and its expansion
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diff changeset
488 {{OS:cwd|posixpath}}
a5339d39af5c Begin the documentation of variables and its expansion
Franz Glasner <hg@dom66.de>
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diff changeset
489
117
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diff changeset
490 expands to the current working directory as POSIX path: on Windows all
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diff changeset
491 backslashes are replaced by forward slashes.
115
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Franz Glasner <hg@dom66.de>
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diff changeset
492
a5339d39af5c Begin the documentation of variables and its expansion
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parents: 114
diff changeset
493 ::
a5339d39af5c Begin the documentation of variables and its expansion
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diff changeset
494
a5339d39af5c Begin the documentation of variables and its expansion
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diff changeset
495 {{ENV:PATH}}
a5339d39af5c Begin the documentation of variables and its expansion
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diff changeset
496
117
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diff changeset
497 expands to the current search path from the process environment.
115
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parents: 114
diff changeset
498
a5339d39af5c Begin the documentation of variables and its expansion
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diff changeset
499 ::
a5339d39af5c Begin the documentation of variables and its expansion
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diff changeset
500
a5339d39af5c Begin the documentation of variables and its expansion
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diff changeset
501 {{PY:version}}
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diff changeset
502
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diff changeset
503 expands to the current running Python version (e.g. ``3.6.4``).
115
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parents: 114
diff changeset
504
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parents: 114
diff changeset
505 ::
a5339d39af5c Begin the documentation of variables and its expansion
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parents: 114
diff changeset
506
328
cffa4fcd0a4d Docu: syntax fix in example
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parents: 316
diff changeset
507 {{PY:implementation|upper}}
115
a5339d39af5c Begin the documentation of variables and its expansion
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diff changeset
508
117
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diff changeset
509 expands to something like ``CPYTHON`` when using the standard Python
c5b638f9c607 - More on getting variable values
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parents: 115
diff changeset
510 interpreter written in C.
139
c87b0dc54e1d Allow custom configuration filename extensions and custom loaders that can handle custom configuration file syntax styles
Franz Glasner <hg@dom66.de>
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diff changeset
511
c87b0dc54e1d Allow custom configuration filename extensions and custom loaders that can handle custom configuration file syntax styles
Franz Glasner <hg@dom66.de>
parents: 134
diff changeset
512
316
fe2e28e5fd08 Docu: first short notes about configuration tree references
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diff changeset
513 Configuration tree references
fe2e28e5fd08 Docu: first short notes about configuration tree references
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parents: 315
diff changeset
514 -----------------------------
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parents: 315
diff changeset
515
341
ae4b76d0da45 docs: fix example of tree reference syntax
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parents: 340
diff changeset
516 With ``{{ref:#my.other.key}}``
316
fe2e28e5fd08 Docu: first short notes about configuration tree references
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diff changeset
517
353
a7491f835cb0 Changelog and minimal docu for `None` and `Empty` filters
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diff changeset
518 - think of it as a sort of a symbolic link to other parts of the
343
c8b98285a7b5 docs: some more docu for tree references
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
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diff changeset
519 configuration tree
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diff changeset
520 - by employing the special namespace ``ref``
340
176e22110fc5 docs, tests: notes and additional tests when quoting the "ref" namespace name
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parents: 339
diff changeset
521 - can not be quoted currently in variable interpolation syntax
343
c8b98285a7b5 docs: some more docu for tree references
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parents: 341
diff changeset
522 - No special handling when merging is done -- merging is agnostic of
c8b98285a7b5 docs: some more docu for tree references
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parents: 341
diff changeset
523 tree references
353
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parents: 347
diff changeset
524 - Keys within :meth:`.Configuration.getvar_s`,
343
c8b98285a7b5 docs: some more docu for tree references
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parents: 341
diff changeset
525 :py:meth:`.Configuration.getvar`, :py:meth:`.Configuration.getvarl`
c8b98285a7b5 docs: some more docu for tree references
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parents: 341
diff changeset
526 and :py:meth:`.Configuration.getvarl_s` are handled
c8b98285a7b5 docs: some more docu for tree references
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diff changeset
527 - in :py:meth:`.Configuration.getvar` only, when it is the directly
333
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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parents: 328
diff changeset
528 referenced value
343
c8b98285a7b5 docs: some more docu for tree references
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diff changeset
529 - recursive expansion in :py:meth:`.Configuration.getvar_s` and
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parents: 341
diff changeset
530 :py:meth:`.Configuration.getvarl_s`:
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diff changeset
531 beware of recursive (direct or indirect) tree references
333
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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diff changeset
532
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diff changeset
533
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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diff changeset
534 .. _quoting:
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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diff changeset
535
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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diff changeset
536 Quoting
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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parents: 328
diff changeset
537 -------
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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diff changeset
538
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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diff changeset
539 When using :py:meth:`.Configuration.getvar` and
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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diff changeset
540 :py:meth:`.Configuration.getvar_s` and when retrieving values in the
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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parents: 328
diff changeset
541 default namespace the namespace separator ``:`` or the hierarchy
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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diff changeset
542 separator ``.`` are characters with a special meaning. When using
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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diff changeset
543 :ref:`variable interpolation <variable-interpolation>` the filter
339
ebd662a8376e Docs: fix typo
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents: 333
diff changeset
544 separator ``|`` is also special. To use them in key names they must be
333
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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parents: 328
diff changeset
545 quoted.
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diff changeset
546
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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diff changeset
547 Quoting is done with a variant of the well-known percent-encoding in
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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parents: 328
diff changeset
548 URIs (:rfc:`3986`).
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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diff changeset
549
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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diff changeset
550 A percent-encoded character consists of the percent character ``%``,
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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diff changeset
551 followed by one of the characters ``x``, ``u`` or ``U``, followed by
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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diff changeset
552 the two, four or eight hexadecimal digits of the unicode codepoint
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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diff changeset
553 value of the character that is to be quoted. ``x`` must be followed by
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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parents: 328
diff changeset
554 two hex digits, ``u`` by four and ``U`` by eight.
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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diff changeset
555
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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diff changeset
556 Example:
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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diff changeset
557
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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diff changeset
558 The character ``.`` with the Unicode (and ASCII) value 46 (hex 0x2e)
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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diff changeset
559 can be encoded as ``%x2e`` or ``%u002e`` or ``%U0000002e``.
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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diff changeset
560
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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diff changeset
561 .. note:: Filters neeed no quoting -- and quoting within filters is *not*
5ec0ae3bb8db Docs: quoting
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diff changeset
562 supported.
316
fe2e28e5fd08 Docu: first short notes about configuration tree references
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diff changeset
563
340
176e22110fc5 docs, tests: notes and additional tests when quoting the "ref" namespace name
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diff changeset
564 .. note:: Quoting the ``ref`` namespace name does not work currently when
176e22110fc5 docs, tests: notes and additional tests when quoting the "ref" namespace name
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parents: 339
diff changeset
565 used in variable interpolation syntax.
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diff changeset
566
316
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diff changeset
567
400
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
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diff changeset
568 .. _jailed-configuration:
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diff changeset
569
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parents: 389
diff changeset
570 Jailed Configurations
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents: 389
diff changeset
571 ---------------------
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents: 389
diff changeset
572
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
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diff changeset
573 With :meth:`configmix.config.Configuration.jailed` you get a `jailed`
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
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diff changeset
574 (or `restricted`) configuration from a "normal" configuration.
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
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diff changeset
575
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diff changeset
576 Restriction is two-fold:
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
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diff changeset
577
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578 - The access to configuration variables in `config` is restricted
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579 to the configuration sub-tree that is configured in `path`.
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580
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581 - Not all access-methods of :class:`Configuration` are implemented
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582 yet.
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583
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584 This is somewhat analogous to a `chroot` environment for filesystems.
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585
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586 .. note:: The word "jail" is shamelessly stolen from FreeBSD jails.
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587
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588 Usage example::
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589
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590 import configmix
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591
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592 config = configmix.load("conf10.py")
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593 assert not config.is_jail
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594 value = config.getvar_s("tree1.tree2.key4")
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595
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596 jailed_config1 = config.jailed(rootpath="tree1.tree2")
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597 assert jailed_config1.is_jail
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598 assert jailed_config1.base is config
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599 jvalue1 = jailed_config1.getvar_s("key4")
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600
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601 jailed_config2 = config.jailed(root=("tree1", "tree2"))
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602 assert jailed_config2.is_jail
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603 assert jailed_config2.base is config
400
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604 jvalue2 = jailed_config.getvarl_s("key4")
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605
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606 assert value == jvalue1 == jvalue2 == "get this as `tree1.tree2.key4'"
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607
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608 `jvalue1` and `jvalue2` (and `value`) yield the very same value
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609 ``get this as `tree1.tree2.key4'`` from the configuration.
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610
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611 All access methods in a jailed configuration automatically prepend the
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612 given `root path` in order to get the effective key into the base
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613 configuration.
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614
424
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615 It is possible to get a jailed configuration from an already jailed
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616 configuration. This sub-jail inherits the unjailed base configuration from
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617 the jailed configuration by default.
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618
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619 ::
424
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620
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621 import configmix
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622
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623 config = configmix.load("conf10.py")
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624 assert not config.is_jail
424
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625 value = config.getvar_s("tree1.tree2.key4")
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626
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627 jailed_config1 = config.jailed(rootpath="tree1")
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628 assert jailed_config1.is_jail
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629 assert jailed_config2.base is config
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630
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631 jailed_config2 = jailed_config2.jailed(rootpath="tree2")
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632 assert jailed_config2.is_jail
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633 assert jailed_config2.base is config
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634 jvalue2 = jailed_config.getvarl_s("key4")
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635
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636 assert value == jvalue2 == "get this as `tree1.tree2.key4'"
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637
425
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638 .. note:: A jailed configuration holds a strong reference to the unjailed
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639 base configuration.
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640
400
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641
139
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642 Custom filename extensions and custom loaders
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643 ---------------------------------------------
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644
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645 If you want to have custom configuration file extensions and/or custom loaders
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646 for custom configuration files you have various possibilities:
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647
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648 Associate an additional new extension (e.g. ".conf") with an
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649 existing configuration file style (e.g. YAML)::
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650
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651 configmix.set_assoc("*.conf", configmix.get_assoc("*.yml"))
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652
171
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653 Allow only files with extension ".cfg" in INI-style -- using the default
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654 loader for INI-files::
139
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655
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656 configmix.clear_assoc()
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657 configmix.set_assoc("*.cfg", configmix.get_default_assoc("*.ini"))
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658
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659 Only a new configuration file style::
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660
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661 def my_custom_loader(filename):
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662 ...
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663 return some_dict_alike
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664
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665 configmix.mode_loaders["myconfmode"] = my_custom_loader
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666 configmix.clear_assoc()
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667 configmix.set_assoc("*.my.configuration", "myconfmode")
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668
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669 If :py:func:`~configmix.clear_assoc` will not be called then just a *new*
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670 configuration file style will be installed.
210
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671
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672 To select the loader not by extension but by an Emacs-compatible mode
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673 declaration (e.g. ``mode: yaml``) in the first two lines of a file use::
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674
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675 configmix.set_assoc("*", configmix.try_determine_filemode)