Mercurial > hgrepos > Python > apps > py-cutils
annotate cutils/genpwd.py @ 253:4314ee20927a
genpwd: more consistency with regard to help messages
| author | Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de> |
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| date | Sat, 08 Feb 2025 15:09:32 +0100 |
| parents | 0a2a162c5ad7 |
| children | 655f9e4bc6f2 |
| rev | line source |
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1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- |
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2 # :- |
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3 # :Copyright: (c) 2018 Franz Glasner |
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4 # :Copyright: (c) 2025 Franz Glasner |
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5 # :License: BSD-3-Clause |
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6 # :- |
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7 r"""A simple password generator to generate random passwords from selected |
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8 character repertoires. |
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9 |
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10 Use :command:`genpwd.py --help' for a detailed help message. |
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11 |
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12 """ |
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13 |
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14 from __future__ import (division, absolute_import, print_function) |
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15 |
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16 import argparse |
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17 import base64 |
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18 import binascii |
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19 import os |
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20 import sys |
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21 |
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22 from . import (__version__, __revision__) |
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23 |
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24 |
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25 # |
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26 # Unreserved characters according to RFC 1738 (URL) **and** RFC 3986 (URI) |
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27 # No general delimiters and no sub-delimiters. |
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28 # |
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29 WEB_CHARS = (b"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWYXZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" |
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30 b"0123456789-._") |
| 246 | 31 # WEB_CHARS without visually similar characters (0O, 1lI) |
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32 SAFE_WEB_CHARS = (b"ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWYXZabcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz" |
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33 b"23456789-._") |
| 246 | 34 # SAFE_WEB_CHARS with preference to punctuation |
| 35 SAFE_WEB_CHARS_2 = b".-_" + SAFE_WEB_CHARS | |
| 36 # Unreserved characters from URI but with sub-delims allowed | |
| 37 URI_CHARS = WEB_CHARS + b"~" + b"!$&'()*+,;=" | |
| 38 # URI_CHARS without visually similar characters | |
| 39 SAFE_URI_CHARS = SAFE_WEB_CHARS + b"~" + b"!$&'()*+,;=" | |
| 40 # Just like SAFE_URI_CHARS but prefers punctuation characters | |
| 41 SAFE_URI_CHARS_2 = (b"~" + b"!$&'()*+,;=" + SAFE_WEB_CHARS | |
| 42 + b"~" + b"!$&'()*+,;=") | |
| 43 # All visible characters from ASCII character set but no space | |
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44 FULL_ASCII = (b"0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ" |
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45 b"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz!#$%&/()*+-.,:;<=>?@^_`[\\]{|}'\"~") |
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46 # |
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47 # A safer variant of FULL_ASCII: |
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48 # - no characters that are visually similar (0O, 1lI) |
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49 # - no characters with dead keys on german keyboards |
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50 # - no backslash (too easily interpret as escape character |
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51 # - no single or double quotes |
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52 SAFE_ASCII = (b"23456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ" |
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53 b"abcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz!#$%&/()*+-.,:;<=>?@_[]{|}~") |
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54 # just numeric and alphabetic |
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55 ALNUM = b"0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" |
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56 # safer alpha-numberic without visually similar characters |
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57 SAFE_ALNUM = b"23456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz" |
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58 |
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59 |
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60 PY2 = sys.version_info[0] <= 2 |
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61 |
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62 |
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63 def main(argv=None): |
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64 aparser = argparse.ArgumentParser( |
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65 description="A simple password generator for passwords with a given" |
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66 " length within a selected character repertoire", |
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67 fromfile_prefix_chars='@') |
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68 aparser.add_argument( |
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69 "-v", "--version", action="version", |
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70 version="%s (rv:%s)" % (__version__, __revision__)) |
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71 group = aparser.add_mutually_exclusive_group() |
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72 group.add_argument( |
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73 "--algorithm", "-a", |
| 246 | 74 choices=("web", "safe-web", "safe-web-2", |
| 75 "uri", "safe-uri", "safe-uri-2", | |
| 76 "ascii", "safe-ascii", | |
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77 "alnum", "safe-alnum", |
| 246 | 78 "bin-base64", "bin-urlsafe-base64", "bin-base32", "bin-hex", |
| 79 "bin-ascii85",), | |
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80 default="safe-ascii", |
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81 help=""" |
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82 Select an algorithm and (implicitly) a character repertoire. |
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83 All repertoires that start with `bin-' just encode the output of |
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84 "os.urandom()" with the selected encoder. |
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85 All repertoires that end with `-safe' or `safe-2' do not contain visually |
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86 similar characters (currently `0O' or `Il1'). |
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87 All repertoires that end with `-2' are variants with a bias to punctuation |
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88 characters. |
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89 This is incompatible with option `--repertoire'. |
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90 Default: safe-ascii""") |
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91 group.add_argument( |
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92 "--repertoire", "-r", |
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93 action="store", metavar="REPERTOIRE", |
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94 help=""" |
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95 Select from given character repertoire. |
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96 The repertoire must be characters from the ISO-8859-15 character set. |
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97 An empty REPERTOIRE selects implicitly the default algorithm. |
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98 This is incompatible with option `--algorithm'.""") |
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99 aparser.add_argument( |
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100 "-E", dest="use_bin_length", action="store_true", |
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101 help="For some repertoires make OUTPUT-LENGTH the number of bytes" |
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102 " that is to be read from random sources instead of output bytes") |
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103 aparser.add_argument( |
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104 "req_length", metavar="OUTPUT-LENGTH", type=int, |
| 237 | 105 help="The required length of the generated output") |
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106 |
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107 opts = aparser.parse_args(args=argv) |
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108 |
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109 if opts.repertoire: |
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110 try: |
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111 repertoire = (opts.repertoire |
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112 if PY2 |
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113 else opts.repertoire.encode("iso-8859-15")) |
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114 except UnicodeError: |
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115 raise ValueError("non ISO-8859-15 character in given repertoire") |
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116 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, repertoire) |
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117 elif opts.algorithm == "web": |
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118 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, WEB_CHARS) |
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119 elif opts.algorithm == "safe-web": |
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120 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, SAFE_WEB_CHARS) |
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121 elif opts.algorithm == "safe-web-2": |
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122 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, SAFE_WEB_CHARS_2) |
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123 elif opts.algorithm == "uri": |
| 246 | 124 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, URI_CHARS) |
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125 elif opts.algorithm == "safe-uri": |
| 246 | 126 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, SAFE_URI_CHARS) |
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127 elif opts.algorithm == "safe-uri-2": |
| 246 | 128 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, SAFE_URI_CHARS_2) |
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129 elif opts.algorithm == "ascii": |
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130 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, FULL_ASCII) |
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131 elif opts.algorithm == "safe-ascii": |
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132 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, SAFE_ASCII) |
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133 elif opts.algorithm == "alnum": |
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134 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, ALNUM) |
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135 elif opts.algorithm == "safe-alnum": |
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136 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, SAFE_ALNUM) |
|
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137 elif opts.algorithm == "bin-base64": |
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138 encoder = base64.b64encode |
|
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139 pwd = gen_bin(opts.req_length, opts.use_bin_length, encoder, |
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140 rstrip_chars=b"=") |
|
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141 elif opts.algorithm == "bin-urlsafe-base64": |
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142 encoder = base64.urlsafe_b64encode |
|
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143 pwd = gen_bin(opts.req_length, opts.use_bin_length, encoder, |
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144 rstrip_chars=b"=") |
|
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145 elif opts.algorithm == "bin-base32": |
|
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146 encoder = base64.b32encode |
|
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147 pwd = gen_bin(opts.req_length, opts.use_bin_length, encoder, |
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148 rstrip_chars=b"=") |
|
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149 elif opts.algorithm == "bin-ascii85": |
|
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150 encoder = base64.a85encode |
|
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151 pwd = gen_bin(opts.req_length, opts.use_bin_length, encoder) |
|
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152 elif opts.algorithm == "bin-hex": |
|
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153 encoder = binascii.hexlify |
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154 pwd = gen_bin(opts.req_length, opts.use_bin_length, encoder) |
|
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155 else: |
|
248
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156 raise NotImplementedError("algorithm not yet implemented: %s" |
|
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157 % opts.algorithm) |
|
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158 if opts.use_bin_length: |
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159 if len(pwd) < opts.req_length: |
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160 raise AssertionError("internal length mismatch") |
|
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161 else: |
|
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162 if len(pwd) != opts.req_length: |
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|
163 raise AssertionError("internal length mismatch") |
|
250
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|
164 if PY2: |
|
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165 print(pwd) |
|
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166 sys.stdout.flush() |
|
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|
167 else: |
|
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|
168 sys.stdout.buffer.write(pwd) |
|
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|
169 sys.stdout.buffer.write(b'\n') |
|
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|
170 sys.stdout.buffer.flush() |
|
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171 |
|
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172 |
|
239
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|
173 def gen_from_repertoire(length, repertoire): |
|
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174 """Select `length` characters randomly from given character repertoire |
|
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|
175 `repertoire`. |
|
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176 |
|
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|
177 """ |
|
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178 assert len(repertoire) <= 256 |
|
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179 pwd = [] |
|
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180 while len(pwd) < length: |
|
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|
181 rndbytes = os.urandom(16) |
|
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182 for c in rndbytes: |
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183 if PY2: |
|
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184 c = ord(c) |
|
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185 if c < len(repertoire): |
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|
186 pwd.append(repertoire[c]) |
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|
187 if len(pwd) >= length: |
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|
188 break |
|
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189 if PY2: |
|
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|
190 pwd = b''.join(pwd) |
|
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|
191 else: |
|
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|
192 pwd = bytes(pwd) |
|
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193 return pwd |
|
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194 |
|
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195 |
|
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|
196 def gen_bin(length, use_bin_length, encoder, rstrip_chars=None): |
|
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197 """Generate from :func:`os.urandom` and just encode with given `encoder`. |
|
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198 |
|
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|
199 """ |
|
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200 pwd = encoder(os.urandom(length)) |
|
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201 return pwd.rstrip(rstrip_chars) if use_bin_length else pwd[:length] |
|
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202 |
|
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203 |
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204 if __name__ == "__main__": |
|
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205 main() |