Mercurial > hgrepos > Python > apps > py-cutils
annotate cutils/genpwd.py @ 248:4796e5da04ee
genpwd: Rename "--repertoire" to "--algorithm"
| author | Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de> |
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| date | Sat, 08 Feb 2025 12:57:14 +0100 |
| parents | 435687f4e071 |
| children | f161448d673e |
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1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- |
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2 # :- |
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3 # :Copyright: (c) 2018 Franz Glasner |
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4 # :Copyright: (c) 2025 Franz Glasner |
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5 # :License: BSD-3-Clause |
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6 # :- |
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7 r"""Generate passwords. |
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8 |
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9 Usage: genpwd.py [ Options ] required_length |
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10 |
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11 Options: |
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12 |
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13 --type, -t web, web-safe, web-safe2, base64, base32, ascii85 |
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14 |
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15 :Author: Franz Glasner |
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16 |
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17 """ |
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18 |
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19 from __future__ import (division, absolute_import, print_function) |
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20 |
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21 import argparse |
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22 import base64 |
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23 import binascii |
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24 import os |
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25 import sys |
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26 |
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27 from . import (__version__, __revision__) |
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28 |
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29 |
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30 # |
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31 # Unreserved characters according to RFC 1738 (URL) **and** RFC 3986 (URI) |
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32 # No general delimiters and no sub-delimiters. |
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33 # |
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34 WEB_CHARS = (b"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWYXZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" |
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35 b"0123456789-._") |
| 246 | 36 # WEB_CHARS without visually similar characters (0O, 1lI) |
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37 SAFE_WEB_CHARS = (b"ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWYXZabcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz" |
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38 b"23456789-._") |
| 246 | 39 # SAFE_WEB_CHARS with preference to punctuation |
| 40 SAFE_WEB_CHARS_2 = b".-_" + SAFE_WEB_CHARS | |
| 41 # Unreserved characters from URI but with sub-delims allowed | |
| 42 URI_CHARS = WEB_CHARS + b"~" + b"!$&'()*+,;=" | |
| 43 # URI_CHARS without visually similar characters | |
| 44 SAFE_URI_CHARS = SAFE_WEB_CHARS + b"~" + b"!$&'()*+,;=" | |
| 45 # Just like SAFE_URI_CHARS but prefers punctuation characters | |
| 46 SAFE_URI_CHARS_2 = (b"~" + b"!$&'()*+,;=" + SAFE_WEB_CHARS | |
| 47 + b"~" + b"!$&'()*+,;=") | |
| 48 # All visible characters from ASCII character set but no space | |
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49 FULL_ASCII = (b"0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ" |
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50 b"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz!#$%&/()*+-.,:;<=>?@^_`[\\]{|}'\"~") |
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51 # |
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52 # A safer variant of FULL_ASCII: |
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53 # - no characters that are visually similar (0O, 1lI) |
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54 # - no characters with dead keys on german keyboards |
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55 # - no backslash (too easily interpret as escape character |
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56 # - no single or double quotes |
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57 SAFE_ASCII = (b"23456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ" |
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58 b"abcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz!#$%&/()*+-.,:;<=>?@_[]{|}~") |
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59 # just numeric and alphabetic |
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60 ALNUM = b"0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" |
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61 # safer alpha-numberic without visually similar characters |
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62 SAFE_ALNUM = b"23456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz" |
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63 |
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64 |
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65 PY2 = sys.version_info[0] <= 2 |
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66 |
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67 |
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68 def main(argv=None): |
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69 aparser = argparse.ArgumentParser( |
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70 description="A simple password generator for password of a given" |
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71 " length within a character repertoire", |
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72 fromfile_prefix_chars='@') |
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73 aparser.add_argument( |
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74 "--version", "-v", action="version", |
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75 version="%s (rv:%s)" % (__version__, __revision__)) |
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76 aparser.add_argument( |
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77 "--algorithm", "-a", |
| 246 | 78 choices=("web", "safe-web", "safe-web-2", |
| 79 "uri", "safe-uri", "safe-uri-2", | |
| 80 "ascii", "safe-ascii", | |
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81 "alnum", "safe-alnum", |
| 246 | 82 "bin-base64", "bin-urlsafe-base64", "bin-base32", "bin-hex", |
| 83 "bin-ascii85",), | |
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84 default="safe-ascii", |
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85 help=""" |
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86 Select an algorithm and (implicitly) a character repertoire. |
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87 All repertoires that start with `bin-' just encode the output of |
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88 "os.urandom()" with the selected encoder. |
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89 All repertoires that end with `-safe' or `safe-2' do not contain visually |
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90 similar characters (currently `0O' or `Il1'). |
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91 All repertoires that end with `-2' are variants with a bias to punctuation |
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92 characters. |
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93 Default: safe-ascii |
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94 """) |
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95 aparser.add_argument( |
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96 "-E", dest="use_bin_length", action="store_true", |
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97 help="For some repertoires make OUTPUT-LENGTH the number of bytes" |
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98 " that is to be read from random sources instead of output bytes") |
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99 aparser.add_argument( |
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100 "req_length", metavar="OUTPUT-LENGTH", type=int, |
| 237 | 101 help="The required length of the generated output") |
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102 |
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103 opts = aparser.parse_args(args=argv) |
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104 |
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105 if opts.algorithm == "web": |
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106 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, WEB_CHARS) |
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107 elif opts.algorithm == "safe-web": |
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108 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, SAFE_WEB_CHARS) |
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109 elif opts.algorithm == "safe-web-2": |
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110 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, SAFE_WEB_CHARS_2) |
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111 elif opts.algorithm == "uri": |
| 246 | 112 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, URI_CHARS) |
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113 elif opts.algorithm == "safe-uri": |
| 246 | 114 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, SAFE_URI_CHARS) |
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115 elif opts.algorithm == "safe-uri-2": |
| 246 | 116 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, SAFE_URI_CHARS_2) |
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117 elif opts.algorithm == "ascii": |
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118 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, FULL_ASCII) |
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119 elif opts.algorithm == "safe-ascii": |
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120 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, SAFE_ASCII) |
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121 elif opts.algorithm == "alnum": |
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122 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, ALNUM) |
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123 elif opts.algorithm == "safe-alnum": |
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124 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, SAFE_ALNUM) |
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125 elif opts.algorithm == "bin-base64": |
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126 encoder = base64.b64encode |
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127 pwd = gen_bin(opts.req_length, opts.use_bin_length, encoder, |
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128 rstrip_chars=b"=") |
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129 elif opts.algorithm == "bin-urlsafe-base64": |
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130 encoder = base64.urlsafe_b64encode |
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131 pwd = gen_bin(opts.req_length, opts.use_bin_length, encoder, |
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132 rstrip_chars=b"=") |
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133 elif opts.algorithm == "bin-base32": |
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134 encoder = base64.b32encode |
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135 pwd = gen_bin(opts.req_length, opts.use_bin_length, encoder, |
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136 rstrip_chars=b"=") |
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137 elif opts.algorithm == "bin-ascii85": |
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138 encoder = base64.a85encode |
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139 pwd = gen_bin(opts.req_length, opts.use_bin_length, encoder) |
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140 elif opts.algorithm == "bin-hex": |
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141 encoder = binascii.hexlify |
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142 pwd = gen_bin(opts.req_length, opts.use_bin_length, encoder) |
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143 else: |
|
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144 raise NotImplementedError("algorithm not yet implemented: %s" |
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145 % opts.algorithm) |
|
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146 if opts.use_bin_length: |
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147 if len(pwd) < opts.req_length: |
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148 raise AssertionError("internal length mismatch") |
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149 else: |
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150 if len(pwd) != opts.req_length: |
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151 raise AssertionError("internal length mismatch") |
|
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152 if not PY2: |
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153 pwd = pwd.decode("ascii") |
|
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154 print(pwd) |
|
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155 |
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156 |
|
239
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157 def gen_from_repertoire(length, repertoire): |
|
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158 """Select `length` characters randomly from given character repertoire |
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159 `repertoire`. |
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160 |
|
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161 """ |
|
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162 assert len(repertoire) <= 256 |
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163 pwd = [] |
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164 while len(pwd) < length: |
|
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165 rndbytes = os.urandom(16) |
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166 for c in rndbytes: |
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167 if PY2: |
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168 c = ord(c) |
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169 if c < len(repertoire): |
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170 pwd.append(repertoire[c]) |
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171 if len(pwd) >= length: |
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172 break |
|
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173 if PY2: |
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174 pwd = b''.join(pwd) |
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175 else: |
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176 pwd = bytes(pwd) |
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177 return pwd |
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178 |
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179 |
|
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180 def gen_bin(length, use_bin_length, encoder, rstrip_chars=None): |
|
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181 """Generate from :func:`os.urandom` and just encode with given `encoder`. |
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182 |
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183 """ |
|
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184 pwd = encoder(os.urandom(length)) |
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185 return pwd.rstrip(rstrip_chars) if use_bin_length else pwd[:length] |
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186 |
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187 |
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188 if __name__ == "__main__": |
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189 main() |