Mercurial > hgrepos > Python > apps > py-cutils
annotate cutils/genpwd.py @ 251:14bb7423445d
genpwd: module description
| author | Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de> |
|---|---|
| date | Sat, 08 Feb 2025 13:38:33 +0100 |
| parents | 48f89d312309 |
| children | 0a2a162c5ad7 |
| rev | line source |
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1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- |
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2 # :- |
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3 # :Copyright: (c) 2018 Franz Glasner |
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4 # :Copyright: (c) 2025 Franz Glasner |
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5 # :License: BSD-3-Clause |
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6 # :- |
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7 r"""Generate random passwords. |
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8 |
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9 Use :command:`genpwd.py --help' for a detailed help message. |
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10 |
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11 """ |
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12 |
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13 from __future__ import (division, absolute_import, print_function) |
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14 |
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15 import argparse |
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16 import base64 |
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17 import binascii |
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18 import os |
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19 import sys |
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20 |
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21 from . import (__version__, __revision__) |
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22 |
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23 |
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24 # |
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25 # Unreserved characters according to RFC 1738 (URL) **and** RFC 3986 (URI) |
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26 # No general delimiters and no sub-delimiters. |
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27 # |
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28 WEB_CHARS = (b"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWYXZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" |
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29 b"0123456789-._") |
| 246 | 30 # WEB_CHARS without visually similar characters (0O, 1lI) |
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31 SAFE_WEB_CHARS = (b"ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWYXZabcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz" |
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32 b"23456789-._") |
| 246 | 33 # SAFE_WEB_CHARS with preference to punctuation |
| 34 SAFE_WEB_CHARS_2 = b".-_" + SAFE_WEB_CHARS | |
| 35 # Unreserved characters from URI but with sub-delims allowed | |
| 36 URI_CHARS = WEB_CHARS + b"~" + b"!$&'()*+,;=" | |
| 37 # URI_CHARS without visually similar characters | |
| 38 SAFE_URI_CHARS = SAFE_WEB_CHARS + b"~" + b"!$&'()*+,;=" | |
| 39 # Just like SAFE_URI_CHARS but prefers punctuation characters | |
| 40 SAFE_URI_CHARS_2 = (b"~" + b"!$&'()*+,;=" + SAFE_WEB_CHARS | |
| 41 + b"~" + b"!$&'()*+,;=") | |
| 42 # All visible characters from ASCII character set but no space | |
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43 FULL_ASCII = (b"0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ" |
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44 b"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz!#$%&/()*+-.,:;<=>?@^_`[\\]{|}'\"~") |
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45 # |
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46 # A safer variant of FULL_ASCII: |
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47 # - no characters that are visually similar (0O, 1lI) |
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48 # - no characters with dead keys on german keyboards |
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49 # - no backslash (too easily interpret as escape character |
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50 # - no single or double quotes |
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51 SAFE_ASCII = (b"23456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ" |
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52 b"abcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz!#$%&/()*+-.,:;<=>?@_[]{|}~") |
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53 # just numeric and alphabetic |
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54 ALNUM = b"0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" |
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55 # safer alpha-numberic without visually similar characters |
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56 SAFE_ALNUM = b"23456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz" |
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57 |
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58 |
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59 PY2 = sys.version_info[0] <= 2 |
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60 |
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61 |
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62 def main(argv=None): |
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63 aparser = argparse.ArgumentParser( |
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64 description="A simple password generator for password of a given" |
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65 " length within a character repertoire", |
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66 fromfile_prefix_chars='@') |
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67 aparser.add_argument( |
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68 "--version", "-v", action="version", |
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69 version="%s (rv:%s)" % (__version__, __revision__)) |
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70 group = aparser.add_mutually_exclusive_group() |
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71 group.add_argument( |
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72 "--algorithm", "-a", |
| 246 | 73 choices=("web", "safe-web", "safe-web-2", |
| 74 "uri", "safe-uri", "safe-uri-2", | |
| 75 "ascii", "safe-ascii", | |
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76 "alnum", "safe-alnum", |
| 246 | 77 "bin-base64", "bin-urlsafe-base64", "bin-base32", "bin-hex", |
| 78 "bin-ascii85",), | |
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79 default="safe-ascii", |
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80 help=""" |
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81 Select an algorithm and (implicitly) a character repertoire. |
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82 All repertoires that start with `bin-' just encode the output of |
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83 "os.urandom()" with the selected encoder. |
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84 All repertoires that end with `-safe' or `safe-2' do not contain visually |
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85 similar characters (currently `0O' or `Il1'). |
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86 All repertoires that end with `-2' are variants with a bias to punctuation |
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87 characters. |
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88 This is incompatible with option `--repertoire'. |
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89 Default: safe-ascii""") |
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90 group.add_argument( |
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91 "--repertoire", "-r", |
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92 action="store", metavar="REPERTOIRE", |
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93 help=""" |
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94 Select from given character repertoire. |
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95 The repertoire must be characters from the ISO-8859-15 character set. |
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96 An empty REPERTOIRE selects implicitly the default algorithm. |
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97 This is incompatible with option `--algorithm'.""") |
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98 aparser.add_argument( |
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99 "-E", dest="use_bin_length", action="store_true", |
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100 help="For some repertoires make OUTPUT-LENGTH the number of bytes" |
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101 " that is to be read from random sources instead of output bytes") |
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102 aparser.add_argument( |
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103 "req_length", metavar="OUTPUT-LENGTH", type=int, |
| 237 | 104 help="The required length of the generated output") |
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105 |
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106 opts = aparser.parse_args(args=argv) |
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107 |
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108 if opts.repertoire: |
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109 try: |
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110 repertoire = (opts.repertoire |
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111 if PY2 |
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112 else opts.repertoire.encode("iso-8859-15")) |
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113 except UnicodeError: |
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114 raise ValueError("non ISO-8859-15 character in given repertoire") |
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115 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, repertoire) |
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116 elif opts.algorithm == "web": |
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117 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, WEB_CHARS) |
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118 elif opts.algorithm == "safe-web": |
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119 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, SAFE_WEB_CHARS) |
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120 elif opts.algorithm == "safe-web-2": |
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121 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, SAFE_WEB_CHARS_2) |
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122 elif opts.algorithm == "uri": |
| 246 | 123 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, URI_CHARS) |
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124 elif opts.algorithm == "safe-uri": |
| 246 | 125 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, SAFE_URI_CHARS) |
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126 elif opts.algorithm == "safe-uri-2": |
| 246 | 127 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, SAFE_URI_CHARS_2) |
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128 elif opts.algorithm == "ascii": |
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129 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, FULL_ASCII) |
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130 elif opts.algorithm == "safe-ascii": |
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131 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, SAFE_ASCII) |
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132 elif opts.algorithm == "alnum": |
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133 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, ALNUM) |
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134 elif opts.algorithm == "safe-alnum": |
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135 pwd = gen_from_repertoire(opts.req_length, SAFE_ALNUM) |
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136 elif opts.algorithm == "bin-base64": |
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137 encoder = base64.b64encode |
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138 pwd = gen_bin(opts.req_length, opts.use_bin_length, encoder, |
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139 rstrip_chars=b"=") |
|
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140 elif opts.algorithm == "bin-urlsafe-base64": |
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141 encoder = base64.urlsafe_b64encode |
|
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142 pwd = gen_bin(opts.req_length, opts.use_bin_length, encoder, |
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143 rstrip_chars=b"=") |
|
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144 elif opts.algorithm == "bin-base32": |
|
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145 encoder = base64.b32encode |
|
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146 pwd = gen_bin(opts.req_length, opts.use_bin_length, encoder, |
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147 rstrip_chars=b"=") |
|
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148 elif opts.algorithm == "bin-ascii85": |
|
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149 encoder = base64.a85encode |
|
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150 pwd = gen_bin(opts.req_length, opts.use_bin_length, encoder) |
|
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151 elif opts.algorithm == "bin-hex": |
|
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152 encoder = binascii.hexlify |
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153 pwd = gen_bin(opts.req_length, opts.use_bin_length, encoder) |
|
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154 else: |
|
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155 raise NotImplementedError("algorithm not yet implemented: %s" |
|
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156 % opts.algorithm) |
|
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157 if opts.use_bin_length: |
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158 if len(pwd) < opts.req_length: |
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159 raise AssertionError("internal length mismatch") |
|
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160 else: |
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161 if len(pwd) != opts.req_length: |
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162 raise AssertionError("internal length mismatch") |
|
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163 if PY2: |
|
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164 print(pwd) |
|
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165 sys.stdout.flush() |
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166 else: |
|
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167 sys.stdout.buffer.write(pwd) |
|
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|
168 sys.stdout.buffer.write(b'\n') |
|
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|
169 sys.stdout.buffer.flush() |
|
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170 |
|
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171 |
|
239
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|
172 def gen_from_repertoire(length, repertoire): |
|
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173 """Select `length` characters randomly from given character repertoire |
|
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174 `repertoire`. |
|
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175 |
|
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|
176 """ |
|
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177 assert len(repertoire) <= 256 |
|
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178 pwd = [] |
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179 while len(pwd) < length: |
|
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180 rndbytes = os.urandom(16) |
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181 for c in rndbytes: |
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182 if PY2: |
|
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183 c = ord(c) |
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184 if c < len(repertoire): |
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185 pwd.append(repertoire[c]) |
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|
186 if len(pwd) >= length: |
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|
187 break |
|
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188 if PY2: |
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189 pwd = b''.join(pwd) |
|
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190 else: |
|
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|
191 pwd = bytes(pwd) |
|
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192 return pwd |
|
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193 |
|
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194 |
|
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195 def gen_bin(length, use_bin_length, encoder, rstrip_chars=None): |
|
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196 """Generate from :func:`os.urandom` and just encode with given `encoder`. |
|
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197 |
|
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|
198 """ |
|
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199 pwd = encoder(os.urandom(length)) |
|
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200 return pwd.rstrip(rstrip_chars) if use_bin_length else pwd[:length] |
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201 |
|
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202 |
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203 if __name__ == "__main__": |
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204 main() |