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ADD: MuPDF v1.26.7: the MuPDF source as downloaded by a default build of PyMuPDF 1.26.4. The directory name has changed: no version number in the expanded directory now.
author Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
date Mon, 15 Sep 2025 11:43:07 +0200
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1 .\" **************************************************************************
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8 .\" * Copyright (C) 1998 - 2018, Daniel Stenberg, <daniel@haxx.se>, et al.
9 .\" *
10 .\" * This software is licensed as described in the file COPYING, which
11 .\" * you should have received as part of this distribution. The terms
12 .\" * are also available at https://curl.haxx.se/docs/copyright.html.
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22 .\"
23 .\" DO NOT EDIT. Generated by the curl project gen.pl man page generator.
24 .\"
25 .TH curl 1 "16 Dec 2016" "Curl 7.52.0" "Curl Manual"
26 .SH NAME
27 curl \- transfer a URL
28 .SH SYNOPSIS
29 .B curl [options / URLs]
30 .SH DESCRIPTION
31 .B curl
32 is a tool to transfer data from or to a server, using one of the supported
33 protocols (DICT, FILE, FTP, FTPS, GOPHER, HTTP, HTTPS, IMAP, IMAPS, LDAP,
34 LDAPS, POP3, POP3S, RTMP, RTSP, SCP, SFTP, SMB, SMBS, SMTP, SMTPS, TELNET
35 and TFTP). The command is designed to work without user interaction.
36
37 curl offers a busload of useful tricks like proxy support, user
38 authentication, FTP upload, HTTP post, SSL connections, cookies, file transfer
39 resume, Metalink, and more. As you will see below, the number of features will
40 make your head spin!
41
42 curl is powered by libcurl for all transfer-related features. See
43 \fIlibcurl(3)\fP for details.
44 .SH URL
45 The URL syntax is protocol-dependent. You'll find a detailed description in
46 RFC 3986.
47
48 You can specify multiple URLs or parts of URLs by writing part sets within
49 braces as in:
50
51 http://site.{one,two,three}.com
52
53 or you can get sequences of alphanumeric series by using [] as in:
54
55 ftp://ftp.example.com/file[1-100].txt
56
57 ftp://ftp.example.com/file[001-100].txt (with leading zeros)
58
59 ftp://ftp.example.com/file[a-z].txt
60
61 Nested sequences are not supported, but you can use several ones next to each
62 other:
63
64 http://example.com/archive[1996-1999]/vol[1-4]/part{a,b,c}.html
65
66 You can specify any amount of URLs on the command line. They will be fetched
67 in a sequential manner in the specified order. You can specify command line
68 options and URLs mixed and in any order on the command line.
69
70 You can specify a step counter for the ranges to get every Nth number or
71 letter:
72
73 http://example.com/file[1-100:10].txt
74
75 http://example.com/file[a-z:2].txt
76
77 When using [] or {} sequences when invoked from a command line prompt, you
78 probably have to put the full URL within double quotes to avoid the shell from
79 interfering with it. This also goes for other characters treated special, like
80 for example '&', '?' and '*'.
81
82 Provide the IPv6 zone index in the URL with an escaped percentage sign and the
83 interface name. Like in
84
85 http://[fe80::3%25eth0]/
86
87 If you specify URL without protocol:// prefix, curl will attempt to guess what
88 protocol you might want. It will then default to HTTP but try other protocols
89 based on often-used host name prefixes. For example, for host names starting
90 with "ftp." curl will assume you want to speak FTP.
91
92 curl will do its best to use what you pass to it as a URL. It is not trying to
93 validate it as a syntactically correct URL by any means but is instead
94 \fBvery\fP liberal with what it accepts.
95
96 curl will attempt to re-use connections for multiple file transfers, so that
97 getting many files from the same server will not do multiple connects /
98 handshakes. This improves speed. Of course this is only done on files
99 specified on a single command line and cannot be used between separate curl
100 invokes.
101 .SH "PROGRESS METER"
102 curl normally displays a progress meter during operations, indicating the
103 amount of transferred data, transfer speeds and estimated time left, etc. The
104 progress meter displays number of bytes and the speeds are in bytes per
105 second. The suffixes (k, M, G, T, P) are 1024 based. For example 1k is 1024
106 bytes. 1M is 1048576 bytes.
107
108 curl displays this data to the terminal by default, so if you invoke curl to
109 do an operation and it is about to write data to the terminal, it
110 \fIdisables\fP the progress meter as otherwise it would mess up the output
111 mixing progress meter and response data.
112
113 If you want a progress meter for HTTP POST or PUT requests, you need to
114 redirect the response output to a file, using shell redirect (>), --output or
115 similar.
116
117 It is not the same case for FTP upload as that operation does not spit out
118 any response data to the terminal.
119
120 If you prefer a progress "bar" instead of the regular meter, --progress-bar is
121 your friend. You can also disable the progress meter completely with the
122 --silent option.
123 .SH OPTIONS
124 Options start with one or two dashes. Many of the options require an
125 additional value next to them.
126
127 The short "single-dash" form of the options, -d for example, may be used with
128 or without a space between it and its value, although a space is a recommended
129 separator. The long "double-dash" form, --data for example, requires a space
130 between it and its value.
131
132 Short version options that don't need any additional values can be used
133 immediately next to each other, like for example you can specify all the
134 options -O, -L and -v at once as -OLv.
135
136 In general, all boolean options are enabled with --\fBoption\fP and yet again
137 disabled with --\fBno-\fPoption. That is, you use the exact same option name
138 but prefix it with "no-". However, in this list we mostly only list and show
139 the --option version of them. (This concept with --no options was added in
140 7.19.0. Previously most options were toggled on/off on repeated use of the
141 same command line option.)