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ADD: MuPDF v1.26.7: the MuPDF source as downloaded by a default build of PyMuPDF 1.26.4. The directory name has changed: no version number in the expanded directory now.
author Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
date Mon, 15 Sep 2025 11:43:07 +0200
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1 How curl Became Like This
2 =========================
3
4 Towards the end of 1996, Daniel Stenberg was spending time writing an IRC bot
5 for an Amiga related channel on EFnet. He then came up with the idea to make
6 currency-exchange calculations available to Internet Relay Chat (IRC)
7 users. All the necessary data were published on the Web; he just needed to
8 automate their retrieval.
9
10 Daniel simply adopted an existing command-line open-source tool, httpget, that
11 Brazilian Rafael Sagula had written and recently released version 0.1 of. After
12 a few minor adjustments, it did just what he needed.
13
14 1997
15 ----
16
17 HttpGet 1.0 was released on April 8th 1997 with brand new HTTP proxy support.
18
19 We soon found and fixed support for getting currencies over GOPHER. Once FTP
20 download support was added, the name of the project was changed and urlget 2.0
21 was released in August 1997. The http-only days were already passed.
22
23 1998
24 ----
25
26 The project slowly grew bigger. When upload capabilities were added and the
27 name once again was misleading, a second name change was made and on March 20,
28 1998 curl 4 was released. (The version numbering from the previous names was
29 kept.)
30
31 (Unrelated to this project a company called Curl Corporation registered a US
32 trademark on the name "CURL" on May 18 1998. That company had then already
33 registered the curl.com domain back in November of the previous year. All this
34 was revealed to us much later.)
35
36 SSL support was added, powered by the SSLeay library.
37
38 August: first announcement of curl on freshmeat.net.
39
40 October: with the curl 4.9 release and the introduction of cookie support,
41 curl was no longer released under the GPL license. Now we're at 4000 lines of
42 code, we switched over to the MPL license to restrict the effects of
43 "copyleft".
44
45 November: configure script and reported successful compiles on several
46 major operating systems. The never-quite-understood -F option was added and
47 curl could now simulate quite a lot of a browser. TELNET support was added.
48
49 Curl 5 was released in December 1998 and introduced the first ever curl man
50 page. People started making Linux RPM packages out of it.
51
52 1999
53 ----
54
55 January: DICT support added.
56
57 OpenSSL took over and SSLeay was abandoned.
58
59 May: first Debian package.
60
61 August: LDAP:// and FILE:// support added. The curl web site gets 1300 visits
62 weekly. Moved site to curl.haxx.nu.
63
64 September: Released curl 6.0. 15000 lines of code.
65
66 December 28: added the project on Sourceforge and started using its services
67 for managing the project.
68
69 2000
70 ----
71
72 Spring: major internal overhaul to provide a suitable library interface.
73 The first non-beta release was named 7.1 and arrived in August. This offered
74 the easy interface and turned out to be the beginning of actually getting
75 other software and programs to be based on and powered by libcurl. Almost
76 20000 lines of code.
77
78 June: the curl site moves to "curl.haxx.se"
79
80 August, the curl web site gets 4000 visits weekly.
81
82 The PHP guys adopted libcurl already the same month, when the first ever third
83 party libcurl binding showed up. CURL has been a supported module in PHP since
84 the release of PHP 4.0.2. This would soon get followers. More than 16
85 different bindings exist at the time of this writing.
86
87 September: kerberos4 support was added.
88
89 November: started the work on a test suite for curl. It was later re-written
90 from scratch again. The libcurl major SONAME number was set to 1.
91
92 2001
93 ----
94
95 January: Daniel released curl 7.5.2 under a new license again: MIT (or
96 MPL). The MIT license is extremely liberal and can be combined with GPL
97 in other projects. This would finally put an end to the "complaints" from
98 people involved in GPLed projects that previously were prohibited from using
99 libcurl while it was released under MPL only. (Due to the fact that MPL is
100 deemed "GPL incompatible".)
101
102 March 22: curl supports HTTP 1.1 starting with the release of 7.7. This
103 also introduced libcurl's ability to do persistent connections. 24000 lines of
104 code. The libcurl major SONAME number was bumped to 2 due to this overhaul.
105 The first experimental ftps:// support was added.
106
107 August: curl is bundled in Mac OS X, 10.1. It was already becoming more and
108 more of a standard utility of Linux distributions and a regular in the BSD
109 ports collections. The curl web site gets 8000 visits weekly. Curl Corporation
110 contacted Daniel to discuss "the name issue". After Daniel's reply, they have
111 never since got back in touch again.
112
113 September: libcurl 7.9 introduces cookie jar and curl_formadd(). During the
114 forthcoming 7.9.x releases, we introduced the multi interface slowly and
115 without many whistles.
116
117 2002
118 ----
119
120 June: the curl web site gets 13000 visits weekly. curl and libcurl is
121 35000 lines of code. Reported successful compiles on more than 40 combinations
122 of CPUs and operating systems.
123
124 To estimate number of users of the curl tool or libcurl library is next to
125 impossible. Around 5000 downloaded packages each week from the main site gives
126 a hint, but the packages are mirrored extensively, bundled with numerous OS
127 distributions and otherwise retrieved as part of other software.
128
129 September: with the release of curl 7.10 it is released under the MIT license
130 only.
131
132 2003
133 ----
134
135 January: Started working on the distributed curl tests. The autobuilds.
136
137 February: the curl site averages at 20000 visits weekly. At any given moment,
138 there's an average of 3 people browsing the curl.haxx.se site.
139
140 Multiple new authentication schemes are supported: Digest (May), NTLM (June)
141 and Negotiate (June).
142
143 November: curl 7.10.8 is released. 45000 lines of code. ~55000 unique visitors
144 to the curl.haxx.se site. Five official web mirrors.
145
146 December: full-fledged SSL for FTP is supported.
147
148 2004
149 ----
150
151 January: curl 7.11.0 introduced large file support.
152
153 June: curl 7.12.0 introduced IDN support. 10 official web mirrors.
154
155 This release bumped the major SONAME to 3 due to the removal of the
156 curl_formparse() function
157
158 August: Curl and libcurl 7.12.1
159
160 Public curl release number: 82
161 Releases counted from the very beginning: 109
162 Available command line options: 96
163 Available curl_easy_setopt() options: 120
164 Number of public functions in libcurl: 36
165 Amount of public web site mirrors: 12
166 Number of known libcurl bindings: 26
167
168 2005
169 ----
170
171 April: GnuTLS can now optionally be used for the secure layer when curl is
172 built.
173
174 April: Added the multi_socket() API
175
176 September: TFTP support was added.
177
178 More than 100,000 unique visitors of the curl web site. 25 mirrors.
179
180 December: security vulnerability: libcurl URL Buffer Overflow
181
182 2006
183 ----
184
185 January: We dropped support for Gopher. We found bugs in the implementation
186 that turned out to have been introduced years ago, so with the conclusion that
187 nobody had found out in all this time we removed it instead of fixing it.
188
189 March: security vulnerability: libcurl TFTP Packet Buffer Overflow
190
191 September: The major SONAME number for libcurl was bumped to 4 due to the
192 removal of ftp third party transfer support.
193
194 November: Added SCP and SFTP support
195
196 2007
197 ----
198
199 February: Added support for the Mozilla NSS library to do the SSL/TLS stuff
200
201 July: security vulnerability: libcurl GnuTLS insufficient cert verification
202
203 2008
204 ----
205
206 November:
207
208 Command line options: 128
209 curl_easy_setopt() options: 158
210 Public functions in libcurl: 58
211 Known libcurl bindings: 37
212 Contributors: 683
213
214 145,000 unique visitors. >100 GB downloaded.
215
216 2009
217 ----
218
219 March: security vulnerability: libcurl Arbitrary File Access
220
221 August: security vulnerability: libcurl embedded zero in cert name
222
223 December: Added support for IMAP, POP3 and SMTP
224
225 2010
226 ----
227
228 January: Added support for RTSP
229
230 February: security vulnerability: libcurl data callback excessive length
231
232 March: The project switched over to use git (hosted by github) instead of CVS
233 for source code control
234
235 May: Added support for RTMP
236
237 Added support for PolarSSL to do the SSL/TLS stuff
238
239 August:
240
241 Public curl releases: 117
242 Command line options: 138
243 curl_easy_setopt() options: 180
244 Public functions in libcurl: 58
245 Known libcurl bindings: 39
246 Contributors: 808
247
248 Gopher support added (re-added actually, see January 2006)
249
250 2011
251 ----
252
253 February: added support for the axTLS backend
254
255 April: added the cyassl backend (later renamed to WolfSSL)
256
257 2012
258 ----
259
260 July: Added support for Schannel (native Windows TLS backend) and Darwin SSL
261 (Native Mac OS X and iOS TLS backend).
262
263 Supports metalink
264
265 October: SSH-agent support.
266
267 2013
268 ----
269
270 February: Cleaned up internals to always uses the "multi" non-blocking
271 approach internally and only expose the blocking API with a wrapper.
272
273 September: First small steps on supporting HTTP/2 with nghttp2.
274
275 October: Removed krb4 support.
276
277 December: Happy eyeballs.
278
279 2014
280 ----
281
282 March: first real release supporting HTTP/2
283
284 September: Web site had 245,000 unique visitors and served 236GB data
285
286 2015
287 ----
288
289 June: support for multiplexing with HTTP/2
290
291 August: support for HTTP/2 server push
292
293 December: Public Suffix List
294
295 2016
296 ----
297
298 January: the curl tool defaults to HTTP/2 for HTTPS URLs
299
300 December: curl 7.52.0 introduced support for HTTPS-proxy!
301
302 First TLS 1.3 support
303
304 2017
305 ----
306
307 September: Added Multi-SSL support
308
309 The web site serves 3100 GB/month
310
311 Public curl releases: 169
312 Command line options: 211
313 curl_easy_setopt() options: 249
314 Public functions in libcurl: 74
315 Contributors: 1609
316
317 October: SSLKEYLOGFILE support, new MIME API
318
319 November: brotli
320
321 2018
322 ----
323
324 January: new SSH backend powered by libssh
325
326 March: starting with the 1803 release of Windows 10, curl is shipped bundled
327 with Microsoft's operating system.
328
329 July: curl shows headers using bold type face
330
331 October: added DNS-over-HTTPS (DoH) and the URL API
332
333 MesaLink is a new supported TLS backend
334
335 libcurl now does HTTP/2 (and multiplexing) by default on HTTPS URLs
336
337 curl and libcurl are installed in an estimated 5 *billion* instances
338 world-wide.
339
340 October 31: Curl and libcurl 7.62.0
341
342 Public curl releases: 177
343 Command line options: 219
344 curl_easy_setopt() options: 261
345 Public functions in libcurl: 80
346 Contributors: 1808