Mercurial > hgrepos > Python2 > PyMuPDF
annotate mupdf-source/thirdparty/curl/docs/CODE_STYLE.md @ 22:d77477b4e151
Let _int_rc() also handle (i.e. ignore) a local version suffix
| author | Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de> |
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| date | Fri, 19 Sep 2025 12:05:57 +0200 |
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1 # curl C code style |
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2 |
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3 Source code that has a common style is easier to read than code that uses |
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4 different styles in different places. It helps making the code feel like one |
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5 single code base. Easy-to-read is a very important property of code and helps |
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6 making it easier to review when new things are added and it helps debugging |
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7 code when developers are trying to figure out why things go wrong. A unified |
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8 style is more important than individual contributors having their own personal |
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9 tastes satisfied. |
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10 |
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11 Our C code has a few style rules. Most of them are verified and upheld by the |
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12 `lib/checksrc.pl` script. Invoked with `make checksrc` or even by default by |
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13 the build system when built after `./configure --enable-debug` has been used. |
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14 |
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15 It is normally not a problem for anyone to follow the guidelines, as you just |
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16 need to copy the style already used in the source code and there are no |
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17 particularly unusual rules in our set of rules. |
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18 |
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19 We also work hard on writing code that are warning-free on all the major |
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20 platforms and in general on as many platforms as possible. Code that obviously |
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21 will cause warnings will not be accepted as-is. |
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22 |
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23 ## Naming |
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24 |
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25 Try using a non-confusing naming scheme for your new functions and variable |
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26 names. It doesn't necessarily have to mean that you should use the same as in |
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27 other places of the code, just that the names should be logical, |
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28 understandable and be named according to what they're used for. File-local |
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29 functions should be made static. We like lower case names. |
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30 |
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31 See the [INTERNALS](INTERNALS.md) document on how we name non-exported |
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32 library-global symbols. |
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33 |
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34 ## Indenting |
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35 |
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36 We use only spaces for indentation, never TABs. We use two spaces for each new |
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37 open brace. |
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38 |
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39 if(something_is_true) { |
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40 while(second_statement == fine) { |
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41 moo(); |
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42 } |
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43 } |
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44 |
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45 ## Comments |
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46 |
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47 Since we write C89 code, **//** comments are not allowed. They weren't |
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48 introduced in the C standard until C99. We use only **/* comments */**. |
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49 |
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50 /* this is a comment */ |
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51 |
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52 ## Long lines |
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53 |
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54 Source code in curl may never be wider than 79 columns and there are two |
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55 reasons for maintaining this even in the modern era of very large and high |
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56 resolution screens: |
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57 |
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58 1. Narrower columns are easier to read than very wide ones. There's a reason |
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59 newspapers have used columns for decades or centuries. |
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60 |
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61 2. Narrower columns allow developers to easier show multiple pieces of code |
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62 next to each other in different windows. I often have two or three source |
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63 code windows next to each other on the same screen - as well as multiple |
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64 terminal and debugging windows. |
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65 |
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66 ## Braces |
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67 |
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68 In if/while/do/for expressions, we write the open brace on the same line as |
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69 the keyword and we then set the closing brace on the same indentation level as |
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70 the initial keyword. Like this: |
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71 |
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72 if(age < 40) { |
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73 /* clearly a youngster */ |
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74 } |
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75 |
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76 You may omit the braces if they would contain only a one-line statement: |
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77 |
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78 if(!x) |
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79 continue; |
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80 |
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81 For functions the opening brace should be on a separate line: |
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82 |
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83 int main(int argc, char **argv) |
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84 { |
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85 return 1; |
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86 } |
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87 |
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88 ## 'else' on the following line |
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89 |
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90 When adding an **else** clause to a conditional expression using braces, we |
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91 add it on a new line after the closing brace. Like this: |
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92 |
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93 if(age < 40) { |
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94 /* clearly a youngster */ |
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95 } |
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96 else { |
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97 /* probably grumpy */ |
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98 } |
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99 |
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100 ## No space before parentheses |
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101 |
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102 When writing expressions using if/while/do/for, there shall be no space |
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103 between the keyword and the open parenthesis. Like this: |
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104 |
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105 while(1) { |
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106 /* loop forever */ |
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107 } |
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108 |
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109 ## Use boolean conditions |
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110 |
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111 Rather than test a conditional value such as a bool against TRUE or FALSE, a |
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112 pointer against NULL or != NULL and an int against zero or not zero in |
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113 if/while conditions we prefer: |
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114 |
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115 result = do_something(); |
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116 if(!result) { |
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117 /* something went wrong */ |
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118 return result; |
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119 } |
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120 |
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121 ## No assignments in conditions |
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122 |
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123 To increase readability and reduce complexity of conditionals, we avoid |
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124 assigning variables within if/while conditions. We frown upon this style: |
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125 |
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126 if((ptr = malloc(100)) == NULL) |
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127 return NULL; |
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128 |
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129 and instead we encourage the above version to be spelled out more clearly: |
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130 |
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131 ptr = malloc(100); |
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132 if(!ptr) |
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133 return NULL; |
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134 |
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135 ## New block on a new line |
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136 |
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137 We never write multiple statements on the same source line, even for very |
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138 short if() conditions. |
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139 |
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140 if(a) |
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141 return TRUE; |
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142 else if(b) |
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143 return FALSE; |
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144 |
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145 and NEVER: |
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146 |
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147 if(a) return TRUE; |
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148 else if(b) return FALSE; |
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149 |
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150 ## Space around operators |
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151 |
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152 Please use spaces on both sides of operators in C expressions. Postfix **(), |
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153 [], ->, ., ++, --** and Unary **+, - !, ~, &** operators excluded they should |
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154 have no space. |
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155 |
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156 Examples: |
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157 |
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158 bla = func(); |
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159 who = name[0]; |
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160 age += 1; |
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161 true = !false; |
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162 size += -2 + 3 * (a + b); |
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163 ptr->member = a++; |
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164 struct.field = b--; |
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165 ptr = &address; |
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166 contents = *pointer; |
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167 complement = ~bits; |
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168 empty = (!*string) ? TRUE : FALSE; |
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169 |
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170 ## No parentheses for return values |
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171 |
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172 We use the 'return' statement without extra parentheses around the value: |
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173 |
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174 int works(void) |
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175 { |
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176 return TRUE; |
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177 } |
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178 |
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179 ## Parentheses for sizeof arguments |
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180 |
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181 When using the sizeof operator in code, we prefer it to be written with |
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182 parentheses around its argument: |
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183 |
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184 int size = sizeof(int); |
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185 |
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186 ## Column alignment |
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187 |
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188 Some statements cannot be completed on a single line because the line would be |
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189 too long, the statement too hard to read, or due to other style guidelines |
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190 above. In such a case the statement will span multiple lines. |
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191 |
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192 If a continuation line is part of an expression or sub-expression then you |
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193 should align on the appropriate column so that it's easy to tell what part of |
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194 the statement it is. Operators should not start continuation lines. In other |
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195 cases follow the 2-space indent guideline. Here are some examples from |
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196 libcurl: |
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197 |
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198 if(Curl_pipeline_wanted(handle->multi, CURLPIPE_HTTP1) && |
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199 (handle->set.httpversion != CURL_HTTP_VERSION_1_0) && |
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200 (handle->set.httpreq == HTTPREQ_GET || |
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201 handle->set.httpreq == HTTPREQ_HEAD)) |
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202 /* didn't ask for HTTP/1.0 and a GET or HEAD */ |
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203 return TRUE; |
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204 |
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205 If no parenthesis, use the default indent: |
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206 |
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207 data->set.http_disable_hostname_check_before_authentication = |
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208 (0 != va_arg(param, long)) ? TRUE : FALSE; |
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209 |
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210 Function invoke with an open parenthesis: |
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211 |
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212 if(option) { |
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213 result = parse_login_details(option, strlen(option), |
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214 (userp ? &user : NULL), |
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215 (passwdp ? &passwd : NULL), |
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216 NULL); |
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217 } |
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218 |
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219 Align with the "current open" parenthesis: |
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220 |
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221 DEBUGF(infof(data, "Curl_pp_readresp_ %d bytes of trailing " |
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222 "server response left\n", |
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223 (int)clipamount)); |
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224 |
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225 ## Platform dependent code |
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226 |
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227 Use **#ifdef HAVE_FEATURE** to do conditional code. We avoid checking for |
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228 particular operating systems or hardware in the #ifdef lines. The HAVE_FEATURE |
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229 shall be generated by the configure script for unix-like systems and they are |
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230 hard-coded in the `config-[system].h` files for the others. |
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231 |
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232 We also encourage use of macros/functions that possibly are empty or defined |
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233 to constants when libcurl is built without that feature, to make the code |
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234 seamless. Like this example where the **magic()** function works differently |
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235 depending on a build-time conditional: |
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236 |
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237 #ifdef HAVE_MAGIC |
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238 void magic(int a) |
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239 { |
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240 return a + 2; |
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241 } |
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242 #else |
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243 #define magic(x) 1 |
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244 #endif |
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245 |
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246 int content = magic(3); |
