Mercurial > hgrepos > Python2 > PyMuPDF

annotate mupdf-source/thirdparty/curl/docs/CODE_STYLE.md @ 32:72c1b70d4f5c

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author Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
date Sun, 21 Sep 2025 15:10:12 +0200
parents b50eed0cc0ef
children
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1 # curl C code style
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3 Source code that has a common style is easier to read than code that uses
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4 different styles in different places. It helps making the code feel like one
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5 single code base. Easy-to-read is a very important property of code and helps
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6 making it easier to review when new things are added and it helps debugging
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7 code when developers are trying to figure out why things go wrong. A unified
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8 style is more important than individual contributors having their own personal
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9 tastes satisfied.
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11 Our C code has a few style rules. Most of them are verified and upheld by the
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12 `lib/checksrc.pl` script. Invoked with `make checksrc` or even by default by
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13 the build system when built after `./configure --enable-debug` has been used.
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15 It is normally not a problem for anyone to follow the guidelines, as you just
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16 need to copy the style already used in the source code and there are no
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17 particularly unusual rules in our set of rules.
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19 We also work hard on writing code that are warning-free on all the major
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20 platforms and in general on as many platforms as possible. Code that obviously
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21 will cause warnings will not be accepted as-is.
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23 ## Naming
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25 Try using a non-confusing naming scheme for your new functions and variable
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26 names. It doesn't necessarily have to mean that you should use the same as in
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27 other places of the code, just that the names should be logical,
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28 understandable and be named according to what they're used for. File-local
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29 functions should be made static. We like lower case names.
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31 See the [INTERNALS](INTERNALS.md) document on how we name non-exported
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32 library-global symbols.
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34 ## Indenting
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36 We use only spaces for indentation, never TABs. We use two spaces for each new
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37 open brace.
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39 if(something_is_true) {
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40 while(second_statement == fine) {
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41 moo();
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42 }
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43 }
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45 ## Comments
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47 Since we write C89 code, **//** comments are not allowed. They weren't
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48 introduced in the C standard until C99. We use only **/* comments */**.
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50 /* this is a comment */
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52 ## Long lines
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54 Source code in curl may never be wider than 79 columns and there are two
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55 reasons for maintaining this even in the modern era of very large and high
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56 resolution screens:
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58 1. Narrower columns are easier to read than very wide ones. There's a reason
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59 newspapers have used columns for decades or centuries.
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61 2. Narrower columns allow developers to easier show multiple pieces of code
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62 next to each other in different windows. I often have two or three source
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63 code windows next to each other on the same screen - as well as multiple
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64 terminal and debugging windows.
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66 ## Braces
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68 In if/while/do/for expressions, we write the open brace on the same line as
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69 the keyword and we then set the closing brace on the same indentation level as
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70 the initial keyword. Like this:
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72 if(age < 40) {
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73 /* clearly a youngster */
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74 }
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76 You may omit the braces if they would contain only a one-line statement:
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78 if(!x)
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79 continue;
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81 For functions the opening brace should be on a separate line:
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83 int main(int argc, char **argv)
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84 {
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85 return 1;
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86 }
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88 ## 'else' on the following line
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90 When adding an **else** clause to a conditional expression using braces, we
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91 add it on a new line after the closing brace. Like this:
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93 if(age < 40) {
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94 /* clearly a youngster */
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95 }
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96 else {
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97 /* probably grumpy */
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98 }
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100 ## No space before parentheses
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101
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
102 When writing expressions using if/while/do/for, there shall be no space
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
103 between the keyword and the open parenthesis. Like this:
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parents:
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104
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
105 while(1) {
b50eed0cc0ef ADD: MuPDF v1.26.7: the MuPDF source as downloaded by a default build of PyMuPDF 1.26.4.
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
106 /* loop forever */
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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107 }
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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108
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
109 ## Use boolean conditions
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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110
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
111 Rather than test a conditional value such as a bool against TRUE or FALSE, a
b50eed0cc0ef ADD: MuPDF v1.26.7: the MuPDF source as downloaded by a default build of PyMuPDF 1.26.4.
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
112 pointer against NULL or != NULL and an int against zero or not zero in
b50eed0cc0ef ADD: MuPDF v1.26.7: the MuPDF source as downloaded by a default build of PyMuPDF 1.26.4.
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
113 if/while conditions we prefer:
b50eed0cc0ef ADD: MuPDF v1.26.7: the MuPDF source as downloaded by a default build of PyMuPDF 1.26.4.
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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114
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
115 result = do_something();
b50eed0cc0ef ADD: MuPDF v1.26.7: the MuPDF source as downloaded by a default build of PyMuPDF 1.26.4.
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
116 if(!result) {
b50eed0cc0ef ADD: MuPDF v1.26.7: the MuPDF source as downloaded by a default build of PyMuPDF 1.26.4.
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
117 /* something went wrong */
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
118 return result;
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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119 }
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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120
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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121 ## No assignments in conditions
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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122
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
123 To increase readability and reduce complexity of conditionals, we avoid
b50eed0cc0ef ADD: MuPDF v1.26.7: the MuPDF source as downloaded by a default build of PyMuPDF 1.26.4.
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
124 assigning variables within if/while conditions. We frown upon this style:
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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125
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
126 if((ptr = malloc(100)) == NULL)
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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127 return NULL;
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parents:
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128
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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129 and instead we encourage the above version to be spelled out more clearly:
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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130
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
131 ptr = malloc(100);
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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132 if(!ptr)
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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133 return NULL;
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parents:
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134
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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135 ## New block on a new line
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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136
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
137 We never write multiple statements on the same source line, even for very
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
138 short if() conditions.
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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139
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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140 if(a)
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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141 return TRUE;
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
142 else if(b)
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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143 return FALSE;
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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144
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
145 and NEVER:
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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146
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
147 if(a) return TRUE;
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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148 else if(b) return FALSE;
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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149
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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150 ## Space around operators
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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151
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
152 Please use spaces on both sides of operators in C expressions. Postfix **(),
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
153 [], ->, ., ++, --** and Unary **+, - !, ~, &** operators excluded they should
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
154 have no space.
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parents:
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155
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
156 Examples:
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parents:
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157
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
158 bla = func();
b50eed0cc0ef ADD: MuPDF v1.26.7: the MuPDF source as downloaded by a default build of PyMuPDF 1.26.4.
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
159 who = name[0];
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
160 age += 1;
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
161 true = !false;
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
162 size += -2 + 3 * (a + b);
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
163 ptr->member = a++;
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
164 struct.field = b--;
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
165 ptr = &address;
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
166 contents = *pointer;
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
167 complement = ~bits;
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
168 empty = (!*string) ? TRUE : FALSE;
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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169
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
170 ## No parentheses for return values
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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171
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
172 We use the 'return' statement without extra parentheses around the value:
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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173
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
174 int works(void)
b50eed0cc0ef ADD: MuPDF v1.26.7: the MuPDF source as downloaded by a default build of PyMuPDF 1.26.4.
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
175 {
b50eed0cc0ef ADD: MuPDF v1.26.7: the MuPDF source as downloaded by a default build of PyMuPDF 1.26.4.
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
176 return TRUE;
b50eed0cc0ef ADD: MuPDF v1.26.7: the MuPDF source as downloaded by a default build of PyMuPDF 1.26.4.
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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177 }
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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178
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
179 ## Parentheses for sizeof arguments
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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180
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
181 When using the sizeof operator in code, we prefer it to be written with
b50eed0cc0ef ADD: MuPDF v1.26.7: the MuPDF source as downloaded by a default build of PyMuPDF 1.26.4.
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
182 parentheses around its argument:
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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183
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
184 int size = sizeof(int);
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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185
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
186 ## Column alignment
b50eed0cc0ef ADD: MuPDF v1.26.7: the MuPDF source as downloaded by a default build of PyMuPDF 1.26.4.
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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187
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
188 Some statements cannot be completed on a single line because the line would be
b50eed0cc0ef ADD: MuPDF v1.26.7: the MuPDF source as downloaded by a default build of PyMuPDF 1.26.4.
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
189 too long, the statement too hard to read, or due to other style guidelines
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
190 above. In such a case the statement will span multiple lines.
b50eed0cc0ef ADD: MuPDF v1.26.7: the MuPDF source as downloaded by a default build of PyMuPDF 1.26.4.
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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191
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
192 If a continuation line is part of an expression or sub-expression then you
b50eed0cc0ef ADD: MuPDF v1.26.7: the MuPDF source as downloaded by a default build of PyMuPDF 1.26.4.
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
193 should align on the appropriate column so that it's easy to tell what part of
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
194 the statement it is. Operators should not start continuation lines. In other
b50eed0cc0ef ADD: MuPDF v1.26.7: the MuPDF source as downloaded by a default build of PyMuPDF 1.26.4.
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
195 cases follow the 2-space indent guideline. Here are some examples from
b50eed0cc0ef ADD: MuPDF v1.26.7: the MuPDF source as downloaded by a default build of PyMuPDF 1.26.4.
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
196 libcurl:
b50eed0cc0ef ADD: MuPDF v1.26.7: the MuPDF source as downloaded by a default build of PyMuPDF 1.26.4.
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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197
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
198 if(Curl_pipeline_wanted(handle->multi, CURLPIPE_HTTP1) &&
b50eed0cc0ef ADD: MuPDF v1.26.7: the MuPDF source as downloaded by a default build of PyMuPDF 1.26.4.
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
199 (handle->set.httpversion != CURL_HTTP_VERSION_1_0) &&
b50eed0cc0ef ADD: MuPDF v1.26.7: the MuPDF source as downloaded by a default build of PyMuPDF 1.26.4.
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
200 (handle->set.httpreq == HTTPREQ_GET ||
b50eed0cc0ef ADD: MuPDF v1.26.7: the MuPDF source as downloaded by a default build of PyMuPDF 1.26.4.
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
201 handle->set.httpreq == HTTPREQ_HEAD))
b50eed0cc0ef ADD: MuPDF v1.26.7: the MuPDF source as downloaded by a default build of PyMuPDF 1.26.4.
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
202 /* didn't ask for HTTP/1.0 and a GET or HEAD */
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
203 return TRUE;
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
204
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Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
diff changeset
205 If no parenthesis, use the default indent:
b50eed0cc0ef ADD: MuPDF v1.26.7: the MuPDF source as downloaded by a default build of PyMuPDF 1.26.4.
Franz Glasner <fzglas.hg@dom66.de>
parents:
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206
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207 data->set.http_disable_hostname_check_before_authentication =
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208 (0 != va_arg(param, long)) ? TRUE : FALSE;
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209
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210 Function invoke with an open parenthesis:
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211
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212 if(option) {
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213 result = parse_login_details(option, strlen(option),
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214 (userp ? &user : NULL),
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215 (passwdp ? &passwd : NULL),
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216 NULL);
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217 }
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218
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219 Align with the "current open" parenthesis:
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220
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221 DEBUGF(infof(data, "Curl_pp_readresp_ %d bytes of trailing "
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222 "server response left\n",
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223 (int)clipamount));
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224
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225 ## Platform dependent code
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226
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227 Use **#ifdef HAVE_FEATURE** to do conditional code. We avoid checking for
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228 particular operating systems or hardware in the #ifdef lines. The HAVE_FEATURE
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229 shall be generated by the configure script for unix-like systems and they are
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230 hard-coded in the `config-[system].h` files for the others.
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231
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232 We also encourage use of macros/functions that possibly are empty or defined
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233 to constants when libcurl is built without that feature, to make the code
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234 seamless. Like this example where the **magic()** function works differently
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235 depending on a build-time conditional:
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236
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237 #ifdef HAVE_MAGIC
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238 void magic(int a)
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239 {
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240 return a + 2;
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241 }
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242 #else
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243 #define magic(x) 1
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244 #endif
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245
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246 int content = magic(3);