.. -*- coding: utf-8; indent-tabs-mode: nil; -*-


***************
 AlgPseudocode
***************

Lexer Options
=============

  .. describe:: no_end

     **Type:** `bool`

     **Default:** `False`

     If ``True`` all the ``\ENDxxx`` commands will be skipped and yield
     nothing.

  .. describe:: gets

     **Type:** `str` or `None`

     **Default:** `None` (yields ``←``)

     The operator symbol to be printed by the command ``\GETS``.

     An often used alternative is ``:=``.

  .. describe:: remark

     **Type:** `str` or `None`

     **Default:** `None` (yields ``▷``)

     The symbol to be printed as when starting comments with
     ``\REMARK`` or ``\REM``.

  To use a lexer with non-default options in `Sphinx`_ see section
  :ref:`customized-sphinx-lexers`.


Comments
========

- with the ``\REMARK`` or ``\REM`` keywords (this includes a leading symbol)
- multi-line comments with ``/* ... */``; they can be **nested**
- multi-line comments with ``(* ... *)``; they can be **nested**
- single-line comments with ``//`` or ``#`` (until the end of the line)

.. code-block:: algpseudocode

   /*
    * A single multiline comment
    */

   /*
    * A multiline comment
    *
    * /* This is a nested multi-line comment */
    *
    */

   (*
    * A multiline comment
    *
    * (* This is a nested multi-line comment *)
    *
    *)

   // A single-line comment

   # A single-line comment

   \REM A remark has a leading symbol


Literals
========

Strings and numbers as in `Python`_. String prefixes ``r``, ``f`` and ``t``
are not supported -- ``u`` and ``b`` are.

To yield non-string-delimiting single- and double-quotes you have to escape them
using ``\'`` or ``\"``. This must be used to typeset something as
:algpseudocode:`f\\'(x) = 0`.

.. code-block:: algpseudocode

   0  0xdead 0b100001 0o720  2.7 2.7e-54

   "A string with an escaped double-quote \" "

   'Another string with an escaped single-quote \' '

   """A multiline
   string
   """

   '''Another multiline string

   '''

   b"A \x20 byte string"

   u'An explicit Unicode \u1234 string'

   \"  a non string

   \'  a non string also


(Mathematical) Symbols and Operators
====================================

Some ASCII symbol combinations are recognized and replaced by a
Unicode symbol:

.. code-block:: algpseudocode

   \TEXT{<=>}    <=>
   \TEXT{<->}    <->
   \TEXT{<-}     <-
   \TEXT{->}     ->
   \TEXT{=>}     =>
   \TEXT{<=}     <=
   \TEXT{>=}     >=
   \TEXT{<>}     <>
   \TEXT{!=}     !=
   \TEXT{:=}     :=
   \TEXT{=:}     =:
   \TEXT{?=}     ?=

Unicode codepoints with property ``Sm`` are recognized as mathematical symbol
and highlighted accordingly.


Keywords
========

Explicit Keywords
-----------------

- Start with a backslash character ``\``
- Case-insensitive
- Translated if a translation is found

Parameter handling is as follows:

- Parameters are enclosed in curly braces ``{`` and ``}``
- Escaping within the braces is possible using the backslash ``\``
- Parameters are separated from the keyword/command by a (possibly empty) run
  of space or TAB characters.
  This is true for required and optional parameters.


With Required Parameters
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. code-block:: algpseudocode

   \TEXT{\PROGRAM {A Program\}  or  \PROG {A Program\}}                                    \PROGRAM {A Program}
   \TEXT{\ALGORITHM{An Algorithm\}  or  \ALGO{An Algorithm\}}                              \ALGORITHM{An Algorithm}
   \TEXT{\PROCEDURE{A Procedure\}  or  \PROC{A Procedure\}}                                \PROCEDURE{A Procedure}
   \TEXT{\FUNCTION{A Function\}  or  \FUNC{A Function\}  or  \FN{A Function\}}              \FUNCTION{A Function}
   \TEXT{\CLASS{A Class\}}                                                                \CLASS{A Class}

   \TEXT{\STATEMENT{the expression\}  \STATE{the expression\}  \BLOCK{the expression\}}     \STATEMENT{the expression}

   \TEXT{expr1: \\EXPRESSION{expression a in b\}   expr2: \\EXPR{expression b in a\}}        \TEXT{expr1: \EXPRESSION{expression a in b}   expr2: \EXPR{expression b in a}}

   \TEXT{\TEXTSTATEMENT{the text\}  \TEXTSTATE{the text\}  \TSTATEMENT{the text\}  \TSTATE{the text\}  \TEXTBLOCK{the text\}  \TBLOCK{the text\}}             \TEXTSTATEMENT{the text}

   \TEXT{\INPUT{Input 1\}}                            \INPUT{Input 1}
   \TEXT{\INPUTS{Input 2\}}                           \INPUTS{Input 2}

   \TEXT{\OUTPUT{Output 1\}}                          \OUTPUT{Output 1}
   \TEXT{\OUTPUTS{Output 2\}}                         \OUTPUTS{Output 2}

   \TEXT{\ENSURE{Whatever should be ensured!\}}       \ENSURE{Whatever should be ensured!}

   \TEXT{\REQUIRE{Whatever should be required.\}}     \REQUIRE{Whatever should be required.}

   \TEXT{\RETURNS{Return 2\}}                         \RETURNS{Return 2}

   \TEXT{\CALL{a function\}(p1, p2)}                  \CALL{a function}(p1, p2)

   \TEXT{\NAME{an entity name\}}                      \NAME{an entity name}


With Optional Parameters
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Some ``END``-keywords have optional parameters:

.. code-block:: algpseudocode

   \TEXT{\ENDPROGRAM  \ENDPROG}              \ENDPROGRAM
   \TEXT{\ENDALGORITHM  \ENDALGO}            \ENDALGORITHM
   \TEXT{\ENDPROCEDURE  \ENDPROC}            \ENDPROCEDURE
   \TEXT{\ENDFUNCTION  \ENDFUNC  \ENDFN}     \ENDFUNCTION
   \TEXT{\ENDCLASS}                          \ENDCLASS

They are used like this:

.. code-block:: algpseudocode

   \TEXT{\CLASS{Foo Bar Class\} ... \END CLASS {Foo Bar Class\}}   \TEXT{yields}   \CLASS{Foo Bar Class} ... \END CLASS {Foo Bar Class}

.. seealso:: Syntax variants: `END-Keywords`_


Without Parameters
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

"Normal" Keywords
'''''''''''''''''

.. code-block:: algpseudocode

   \TEXT{\IF}                                \IF
   \TEXT{\THEN}                              \THEN
   \TEXT{\ELSE}                              \ELSE
   \TEXT{\ELSEIF or \ELSIF  or  \ELIF}       \ELSEIF \text{or} \ELSIF \text{or} \ELIF
   \TEXT{\DO}                                \DO
   \TEXT{\WHILE}                             \WHILE
   \TEXT{\FORALL}                            \FORALL
   \TEXT{\FOR}                               \FOR
   \TEXT{\FROM}                              \FROM
   \TEXT{\TO}                                \TO
   \TEXT{\STEP}                              \STEP
   \TEXT{\IN}                                \IN
   \TEXT{\LOOP}                              \LOOP
   \TEXT{\REPEAT}                            \REPEAT
   \TEXT{\UNTIL}                             \UNTIL

   \TEXT{\RETURN}                            \RETURN

   \TEXT{\BEGIN}                             \BEGIN
   \TEXT{\END}                               \END

   \TEXT{\IS}                                \IS
   \TEXT{\WITH}                              \WITH

   \TEXT{\GETS}                              \GETS

   \TEXT{\\REMARK   or   \\REM}                \REMARK A comment with a leading symbol

``\REMARK`` or ``\REM`` is special: all characters to the end of the
line are taken as comment; curly braces are not needed---in fact:
they are interpreted to be part of the comment.


END-Keywords
''''''''''''

The separator character can be empty, a run of ASCII spaces, a run of TAB characters,
a single underscore ``_`` or a single hyphen ``-`` like:

  ``\ENDIF``, ``\END IF``, ``\END-IF``, ``\END_IF`` or ``\END IF``


.. code-block:: algpseudocode

   \text{\ENDIF}             \ENDIF     \rem empty

   \text{\END IF}            \END IF     \rem a single space

   \text{\END  IF}           \END  IF     \rem two spaces

   \text{\END-IF}            \END-IF     \rem a single hyphen

   \text{\END_IF}            \END_IF     \rem a single underscore

   \text{\END   IF}          \END       IF     \rem a single TAB character

The list of END-keywords (here always just with ``-`` as separator):

.. code-block:: algpseudocode

   \text{\END-PROGRAM  \END-PROG}              \END-PROGRAM
   \text{\END-ALGORITHM  \END-ALGO}            \END-ALGORITHM
   \text{\END-PROCEDURE  \END-PROC}            \END-PROCEDURE
   \text{\END-FUNCTION  \END-FUNC  \END-FN}    \END-FUNCTION
   \text{\END-CLASS}                           \END-CLASS
   \text{\END-IF}                              \END-IF
   \text{\END-WHILE}                           \END-WHILE
   \text{\END-FOR}                             \END-FOR
   \text{\END-FORALL}                          \END-FORALL
   \text{\END-LOOP}                            \END-LOOP


Names and Entities
==================

In an expression context all other words are interpreted as entity
names (token type ``Token.Name.Entity``).

Allowed characters in the words follow the corresponding `Python`_ rules.
As such, many Unicode characters are allowed.

To highlight entity names with whitespace or other "special" characters in it
use the ``NAME`` command.

.. code-block:: algpseudocode

   \TEXT{entity_name_1}          entity_name_1

   \TEXT{entity_name_2}          entity_name_2

   \TEXT{\NAME{entity-name 3\}}   \NAME{entity-name 3}

   \TEXT{München}                München

   \TEXT{Genève}                 Genève

.. _explicit-token-types:

Explicit Token Types
====================

Handle keywords and operators that are not handled by default or change
the default handling of some expressions.

`XX` represents a `value` in the :mod:`pygments.token.STANDARD_TYPES` dict.
Its corresponding token type (the associated `key` in this `dict`) is used as
token type.

``\\tt-XX/SINGLE-CHAR``

  no escaping needed

  `SINGLE-CHAR` is a single character and can be *every* character
  (including a carriage-return or line-feed)

``\\ttx-XX{CHARACTERS}``

``\\ttx-XX(CHARACTERS)``

``\\ttx-XX[CHARACTERS]``

``\\ttx-XX<CHARACTERS>``

``\\ttx-XX<SEP>CHARACTERS<SEP>``

  No escaping possible! There are enough alternatives available!

  `SEP` is one of ``/:|=*+!\$~``.


Examples:

.. code-block:: algpseudocode

   \text{• \\tt-kc/C}      \tt-kc/C            \rem C as Keyword.Constant
   \text{• \\tt-ow/∈}      \tt-ow/∈            \rem ∈ as Operator.Word
   \text{• \\ttx-kc{A New Constant Keyword\}}    \ttx-kc{A New Constant Keyword}  \rem As a new Keyword.Constant
   \text{• \\ttx-nv{A New Variable Name\}}       \ttx-nv{A New Variable Name}     \rem An explicit Name.Variable
   \text{• \\ttx-k(∈ ∌)}   \ttx-k(∈ ∌)         \rem ∈ and ∌ as (ordinary) Keywords
   \text{• \\ttx-o<∈ ∌>}   \ttx-o<∈ ∌>         \rem ∈ and ∌ as (ordinary) Operators
     /*
      * The line below has ∈_∌ as (peculiar) function name.
      * Their params are automatic (i.e. a normal expression).
      */
   \text{• \\ttx-nf<∈_∌>(p1, p2)}                \ttx-nf<∈_∌>(p1, p2)
     /*
      * The line below has ∈_∌ as (peculiar) decorator name (as used in Python).
      * Their params are automatic (i.e. a normal expression).
      */
   \text{• \\ttx-nd[∈_∌](p1, p2)}                \ttx-nd[∈_∌](p1, p2)
     /*
      * This is a non-existing token type: you get some generic error marking
      * with a Generic.Error token and no expansion.
      */
   \text{• \\ttx-NON-EXISTING[∈_∌](p1, p2)}      \ttx-NON_EXISTING[∈_∌](p1, p2)

.. note:: Explicit token types are **case-sensitive**.


.. _customized-sphinx-lexers:

Customized Lexers in Sphinx
===========================

Defining lexers with non-default options in `Sphinx`_ can be done in its
configuration file :file:`conf.py`.

The first option is to apply the Sphinx config value ``highlight_options``
properly. An existing lexer can be customized by options.

A more flexible alternative is to define a new lexer in the Sphinx
application. The very same lexer class can be used with different options:

.. code-block:: python

   from functools import partial
   from pygments_lexer_pseudocode2.algpseudocode import AlgPseudocodeLexer

   def setup(app):

       #
       # Add a custom lexer: AlgPseudocodeLexer with custom init
       # option "no_end".
       #
       # In modern Sphinx versions given lexer must be callable and may
       # not be a lexer instance. So use an indirection with "partial"
       # here.
       #
       app.add_lexer("noend-algpseudocode",
                     partial(AlgPseudocodeLexer, no_end=True))

Similarily it works for custom styles and filters.

For older Sphinx versions your mileage may vary.